专利池对池内企业技术创新全过程影响机制研究 ——基于系统动力学

Research on the influence mechanism of patent pool on the whole process of technological innovation of enterprises in the pool ——Based on system dynamics

摘要:

对于处于共性技术需求强的产业内的企业，组建专利池是促进企业技术创新的一种重要模式。专利池的形成使池内企业通过技术交流、共享，突破技术瓶颈，并依靠国家相关法律法规及政策支持，防止垄断现象发生。现有研究大多以专利池对企业技术创新的结果为研究导向，并未对专利池从形成-共享-分配对池内企业技术创新全过程影响进行剖析。为此，文章提出专利池对池内企业技术创新全过程影响的概念模型。通过分析专利池对池内企业技术创新影响因素，提炼出关键要素。以专利池运转机制为切入点，结合外部环境及内部影响要素，深入研究专利池对池内企业技术创新的全过程影响机制。最后，利用系统动力学建立起影响机制的因果回路图与流图，更直接的呈现出专利池全过程影响机制的优点与不足。本文研究发现互兼容互操作的产业更适合构建专利池；促进创新成果转化维持专利池持续运转；完善我国相关法律法规为专利池提供环境支持。

关键词:专利池;企业技术创新;影响机制;系统动力学

Abstract:

For enterprises in industries with strong demand for generic technology, the establishment of patent pool is an important mode to promote technological innovation. The formation of patent pool enables the enterprises in the pool to break through the technical bottleneck through technical exchange and sharing, and rely on the support of relevant national laws, regulations and policies to prevent monopoly. Most of the existing studies are based on the results of patent pool on enterprise technological innovation, but do not analyze the impact of patent pool from formation sharing allocation on the whole process of enterprise technological innovation. Therefore, this paper proposes a conceptual model of the impact of patent pool on the whole process of technological innovation of enterprises in the pool. By analyzing the influence factors of patent pool on technological innovation of enterprises in the pool, the key elements are extracted. Taking the patent pool operation mechanism as the breakthrough point, combined with the external environment and internal influence factors, this paper deeply studies the whole process influence mechanism of patent pool on technological innovation of enterprises in the pool. Finally, the causal loop diagram and flow diagram of the influence mechanism are established by using system dynamics, which directly shows the advantages and disadvantages of the whole process influence mechanism of patent pool. This paper finds that the industry of interoperability is more suitable for building patent pool; Promote the transformation of innovation achievements and maintain the continuous operation of patent pool; Improve the relevant laws and regulations to provide environmental support for the patent pool.

Key words:patent pool; enterprise technology innovation; influence mechanism; system dynamics