制度环境不确定性、联盟组合配置与企业绩效 ——一个基于fsQCA方法的研究

Institutional Environment Uncertainty, Alliance Portfolio Allocation and Firm Performance---fsQCA Method

摘要:

联盟组合形式的企业间活动已成为中国企业创新和维持竞争优势的重要驱动力。在开放式创新过程中，焦点企业绩效受到外部制度环境和自身吸收能力两方面的影响。但现有文献缺乏整合制度环境层面与内部资源-能力特征对企业绩效产生何种影响的研究。本研究应用组态思维和fsQCA实证分析方法，选取中国深证A股512家制造企业的数据集，探究影响企业绩效的多重并发因素和因素复杂机制。结果发现，驱动企业实现高绩效的四种策略及对应的组态模式。分别为：适应策略下的资源式组合、共生策略下的资源-协调式组合、吸收策略下的资源-吸收式组合和保存策略下的非多样性式组合。通过关注企业对环境动态的感受力，为企业抉择联盟合作伙伴达成绩效提升提供了理论和实践上的启示。

Abstract:

Inter-firm activities in the form of alliances have become an important driving force for Chinese enterprises to innovate and maintain their competitive advantages. In the process of open innovation, the performance of the focus enterprise is affected by both the external institutional environment and its own absorptive capacity. However, the existing literature lacks the research on the impact of the integration of institutional environment and internal resource-capability characteristics on firm performance.This study applies configuration thinking and fsQCA empirical analysis method, selects the data set of 512 A-share manufacturing enterprises in Shenzhen, China, and explores the multiple concurrent factors and factor complex mechanisms that affect enterprise performance. It turns out that there are four strategies and corresponding configuration modes that drive companies to achieve high performance. They are: resource-based portfolio under the adaptation strategy, resource-coordinated portfolio under the symbiosis strategy, resource-absorptive portfolio under the absorption strategy, and non-diversity portfolio under the preservation strategy. By paying attention to the sensitivity of enterprises to environmental dynamics, it provides theoretical and practical enlightenment for enterprises to choose alliance partners to achieve performance improvement.