中国院士群体师承效应的量化研究

Quantitative Research on the Effects of Accomplished Teachers on Chinese Academician Group

摘要:

师承关系有助于知识积累和创新延续。主要采用非参数检验以及同期群分析对1978年起接受本科教育的院士群体师承效应量化测度。研究结果显示：院士群体的师承现象普遍,具有师承关系的比例达到35.62%；师承效应能够显著缩短未来当选院士进行知识积累的时间成本、做出重大创新成果的时间以及当选为院士的时滞；师生关系步长每延长一代,未来当选院士的“最高学位获得年龄”、“获奖年龄”和“当选院士年龄”分别降低1.35岁、1.41岁和1.28岁。师从伟大导师对精英科学家成长具有重要促进作用,师承链系统是培养精英科学家的重要途径。

Abstract:

The inheritance relationship between teachers and their students contributes to knowledge accumulation and innovation continuity. By applying nonparametric tests and cohort analysis, we make a quantitative research on the effects of accomplished teachers on Chinese academician group attending university from 1978. We find that it is common that there is inheritance relationship between teachers and their students on Chinese Academician group, with 35.62% of them. The effects of accomplished teachers can significantly reduce the time to accumulate knowledge, make major innovations and become an academician. “The age of highest educational degree obtained”, “the age of the prize obtained”, “the age of becoming an academician” decrease 1.35 years, 1.41 years and 1.28 years respectively with every extension of the length of relationship between the students and their tutors. The guiding of excellent teachers plays an important role in facilitating the growth of elite scientists, and the chain of inheritance system is an important way to cultivate elite scientists.