[目的/意义]科学数据溯源不仅可以维护科学数据生产主体的权益,而且可以保障科学研究的有效性,因此科学数据溯源对于科学数据的有效管理与利用具有重要意义。[方法/过程] 鉴于传统溯源方法存在信息不能及时对称、监管不能及时到位等效率低下的情况,本文提出基于区块链理念的科学数据溯源体系。[结果/结论] 在分析科学数据溯源内涵的基础上,论述了基于区块链的科学数据溯源的可行性和必要性,从溯源内容、溯源平台以及融合私有链和联盟链的运行模式等三个维度提出基于区块链的科学数据溯源实施方案。

[Purpose/significance] Scientific data traceability can not only commit protection to the rights and interests of scientific data generation subjects, but can also guarantee the validity of scientific research, which is significant to the effective management and employment of scientific data. [Method/process] Due to not timely information symmetry and curation in the traditional traceability means, scientific data traceability scheme in the perspective of block chain is presented in this paper. [Result/conclusion] On the basis of analysis on scientific data traceability connotation, discussion about the necessity and feasibility of scientific data traceability, the implementation proposition of scientific data traceability in view of block chain is put forward from three respects as traceability content, traceability platform and operating mechanism combining private chain and consortium chain.

国家自然科学“主体间际共生网络视阈的科学数据整合研究(71904044)”、教育部人文社科项目“主体间际复杂网络视阈的科学数据联盟运行体系研究(19YJC870031)”、黑龙江省自然科学“复杂适应共生网络视阈的科学数据共享研究(LH2020G008)”