从世界顶级期刊论文视角看我国百年科技登攀的大格局之变

The structural change of Chinese status in global scientific race in the view of quantities of papers in world-class journals

摘要:

[目的/意义]《Cell》《Nature》 和《Science》是目前世界公认的顶级期刊,一个国家在这几种期刊上的发文情况,一定程度上代表着一个国家的科技发展水平和在国际上的科学地位。[方法/过程]本文使用科学计量学方法对我国1900-2020年间发表在《Cell》《Nature》 和《Science》上的论文进行了计量研究。[结果/结论]结果发现：从文献数量上看,我国在上述三份期刊上的发文量近40年来呈现稳步增长态势,近十年来的增幅尤为显著,目前已排在世界第四位。从研究力量上看,我国已经涌现出了一批具有重大原创性科学成果和国际顶级水平的科学大师,已经涌现出一批世界一流的科研机构、研究型大学和创新型企业。从作者、机构与国家合作上看,我国国际合作发文量近年来稳步增长,在国际合作中我国的角色已经从“跟随和参与”逐步向“领跑和主导”转变。从学科布局看,生命科学、材料科学等学科已进入到世界前列。整体上说,目前我国的科技创新已站在一个崭新的发展水平上。当然,从CNS三大刊的发文量看,目前我国和美国相比仍有较大差距,需要我们继续砥砺前行。

Abstract:

Cell, Nature and Science are current acknowledged worldwide top journals. In some sense, any country"s level of science and technology and country ranking in scientific research can be reflected by publications in these top journals. In this paper, we use scientometrics methods to do quantitative research for CNS papers published by Chinese authors from 1900 to 2020.It shows that the quantities of CNS papers, ranked fourth in the world, have maintained a steady growth trend in past 40 years and especially the growth rate in recent ten years is particularly remarkable. In the view of research producers, many world-class research experts with outstanding original academic achievements have emerged along with many world-class scientific research institutions, research universities and innovative enterprises. In the view of cooperation among authors, institutions and countries, quantities of results of international cooperation grew steadily and the role of China has gradually changed from follower to leader. In the view of subject distribution, life science and material science have been ranked the forefront of the world. Overall speaking, the developments of China’s scientific and technological innovations are at an unprecedented level. However, there is still a big gap in quantities of CNS papers between China and the United States and we should keep our noses to the grindstone.