Abstract:The national "double first-class" construction requires colleges and universities to strengthen strategic, overall and forward-looking problem research, and strive to improve the ability to solve major problems and original innovation ability. In this context, how to take effective measures to comply with the requirements of the new era for the development of science and technology in Colleges and universities, to enhance their own scientific research strength is the key. Taking a local university as an example, this paper analyzes the significance of the construction of the target assessment system in scientific research management, studies the contents, principles and steps of the construction, and puts forward that local universities should build a scientific and reasonable scientific research target assessment system, and take effective target assessment and rewards and punishments, so as to comply with the requirements of "double first class" construction and improve their scientific research level.