科技型孵化器绩效影响因素的模糊集组态分析——以广州为例

Fuzzy Set Configuration Analysis of Influencing Factors of Science and Technology Incubator Performance: A Case Study of Guangzhou

摘要:

为更好优化资源配置，从而更好地促进科技型孵化器产生高绩效，以广州市25家科技型孵化器为研究样本，借助“技术-组织-环境”（TOE）理论框架模型，运用组态思维和 fsQCA方法整合技术、组织、环境3个层面5个条件因素，探讨影响科技型孵化器绩效的多维组合因素和促进路径。研究发现：（1）科技型孵化器绩效受多方面因素的共同作用，而非某一个因素单一的影响；（2）实现科技型孵化器高创新绩的效路径有4条，即政策主导驱动型、“三力”协同驱动型、环境信号驱动型和服务能力驱动型；（3）在4条高创新绩效路径中，其中3种构型中政府补贴都发挥了重要驱动作用，但仍有一组构型中政府补贴并无驱动作用。基于研究结论，提出孵化器自身进一步完善新型研发机构的顶层设计，构建资源获取与资源驱动生态闭环，完善孵化器内部资源运行机制；政府营造良好的创新创业生态环境，分类扶持不同发展路径的科技型孵化器；孵化器管理部门对不同类型的孵化器制定不同的管理政策或管理模式。

Abstract:

In order to better optimize the allocation of resources and promote the high performance of science and technology incubators, Taking 25 science and technology incubators in Guangzhou as the research samples, using the TOE theory framework model, using configuration thinking and fsQCA method to integrate the above Technology Organization and Environment three levels and five conditions, this paper discusses the multi-dimensional combination factors and promotion paths that affect the performance of science and technology incubators. The results show as follows : (1) The performance of science and technology incubators is affected by many factors, rather than a single factor; (2) There are four effective paths to achieve high innovation performance of science and technology incubators, namely, policy-driven configuration, three-force cooperative configuration, environmental signal-driven configuration and service capability-driven configuration; (3) Among the four high innovation performance paths, government subsidies play an important driving role in three configurations, but there is still a group of configurations where government subsidies do not play a driving role. Based on the research conclusions, it is proposed that incubators themselves should further improve the top-level design of new R&D institutions, construct an ecological closed-loop of resource acquisition and resource drive, and improve the internal resource operation mechanism of incubators. The government creates a good ecological environment for innovation and entrepreneurship, and supports science and technology incubators with different development paths. The incubator management department makes different management policies or modes for different types of incubators.