科技评价中不同权重赋值方法的比较研究

A comparative study of different weighting methods in hospital’s science and technology evaluation

摘要:

研究医院综合科技评价中指标权重确定方法，比较主观赋权法与客观赋权法对评价结果的影响。基于中国医院科技量值指标体系，选取2018年度中国医院综合科技量值位居前100的医院各指标数据，计算熵值法、CRITIC法、独立性法、信息量法四种客观赋权法权重，通过加权计算得到四种方法100家医院的评价结果，与中国医院科技量值基于层次分析法确定权重的评价结果比较。100家医院研究数据信度质量高，信度系数值为0.883。熵值法权重与CRITIC、独立性、信息量法权重之间的相关关系系数值呈现出显著性。层次分析法与熵值法、CRITIC法、独立性法、信息量法五种方法计算的评价结果之间的相关系数值分别是0.920、0.984、0.992、0.976，p<0.01，有正相关关系。采用的四种客观赋权方法权重相关关系及评价结果相关关系全部呈现出显著性正相关。本例层次分析法与客观赋权方法相互得到验证，但这并不能代表客观赋权法适用于各类评价。实际工作中仍需要根据评价目的、管理需求及评价数据实际，系统比较研究选取合适的赋权方法。

Abstract:

Compare the impact of subjective weighting method and objective weighting method on evaluation results, by studying the method of determining index weight in the comprehensive scientific and technological evaluation of hospitals. Based on index system of Chinese hospitals’ science and technology evaluation metrics (STEM), the index data of the top 100 hospitals in the comprehensive STEM of 2018 Annual Report on Chinese Hospitals’ Science and Technology Evaluation Metrics was selected. The weights of four objective weighting methods were calculated, including entropy method, CRITIC method, independence method, and information method. The evaluation results of 100 hospitals using four methods were obtained through weighted calculation, and compared with the evaluation results of the STEM of Chinese hospitals. The weight of Chinese hospitals’ STEM is determined based on the analytic hierarchy process. The reliability of the research data of 100 hospitals is of high quality, with a reliability coefficient value of 0.883. The correlation coefficient value between the weight of the entropy method and the weight of CRITIC, independence, and information method is significant. The correlation coefficient values between the evaluation results calculated by the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy method, CRITIC method, independence method, and information method are 0.920, 0.984, 0.992, 0.976, p<0.01, and there is a positive correlation. The weight correlations and evaluation results correlations of the four objective weighting methods all show significant positive correlations. In this case, the analytic hierarchy process and the objective weighting method have been mutually verified, but this does not mean that the objective weighting method is applicable to various evaluations. In actual work, it is still necessary to systematically compare and research the appropriate weighting methods according to the evaluation purpose, management needs and actual evaluation data.