高速列车核心技术识别及演变特征

Core Technology Identification and Evolution Characteristics of High-speed Train

摘要:

鉴于目前缺乏关于高速列车核心技术识别及其动态演化的研究，基于德温特创新索引数据库中全球高速列车产业专利数据，以A-U创新过程模型为基础分阶段构建专利引文网络，计算复杂网络节点中心度以识别核心专利并分析其演变特征。结果表明：全球高速列车技术发展分为流动性阶段、过渡性阶段与确定性阶段，目前处于过渡性阶段的形成期；核心技术领域呈现由基础技术领域到多元技术领域、再到关键技术领域的演变路线；核心技术研究主体早期以“两用”关键技术企业为主，后期延伸至综合性集团以及研究院所；依托研发合作取得核心专利数量增加但占比仍低。研究发现对于促进我国取得更多高速列车关键技术成果的主要启示是：准确识别并重点关注核心技术领域，加大关键技术研发和产学研合作力度。

关键词:核心技术识别;高速列车核心专利;专利分析;专利引文网络

Abstract:

In view of the lack of research on the core technology identification and dynamic evolution of high-speed train, a patent citation network is constructed by stages based on Innovation Process Model by using the global high-speed train industry patent data from Derwent Innovations Index database, and the node centrality of complex networks is calculated to identify core patents and analyze their evolution characteristics. The results show that the high-speed train technology development in the world is divided into three stages，including mobility stage, transition stage and certainty stage, and at present it is in the transitional stage; The core technology field appears the developing route from the basic technology field to the multiple technological field and then to the key technical field; In the beginning, the core technology entities are dominated by dual-use key technology enterprises, and later extend to be comprehensive groups and research institutes; The number of core patents based on R&D cooperation has increased, but the proportion is still low. The research finds that the inspiration for our country to get more key technical achievements of high-speed train is to accurately identify and focus on the core technical fields, and to strengthen the R&D of Key Technologies and the cooperation of industry, university and research.

Key words:core technology identification; high-speed train core patent; patent analysis; patent citation network