考虑不同供给方式的产业共性技术市场化开发博弈分析

Game Aanalysis on Marketization Development of Industrial Generic Technologies Considering Different Supply Models

摘要:

借鉴Stackelberg主从博弈思想,考虑自我供给和外部供给方式,构建了共性技术市场化开发三阶段动态博弈模型,分析了不同供给方式下共性技术市场化开发影响因素及供给方式选择问题。研究表明：无论何种供给方式,企业的市场化开发努力、基于共性技术所研发的产品的最优销售价格和政府的经济收益总是相同,但市场化开发企业的收益在外部供给方式下更高；共性技术外部供给方式过度消耗了政府补贴资源,自我供给共性技术方式应该成为一种更利于节约公用资源的共性技术研发模式；顾客感知度及市场化开发的预期外部收益对企业付出市场化开发努力有较好的激励作用,对企业及政府收益有正向影响,而研发成本等因素对企业市场化开发努力行为产生负向影响。最后,根据研究结论从充分发挥市场和政府的调节引导作用、鼓励企业开展“自我供给式”的研发活动及引导多主体参与共性技术纵向协同研发等方面提出相关政策建议。

关键词:产业共性技术;政府补贴;外部供给;自我供给;市场化开发

Abstract:

Based on Stackelberg"s Master-Slave game theory, considering the government subsidies and different sources of generic technology, the three-stage dynamic game model of generic technology marketization development is constructed, and the relevant factors such as marketization development of the industrial generic technology of different supply models are compared and studied under the government subsidies. The result shows that: no matter what the supply model is, the marketization development efforts of enterprises, the optimal sales price of products developed based on generic technology and the economic benefits of the government are always same, but the benefits of marketization development enterprises are higher under the external supply model; Under the external supply generic technology model, the government subsidized resources have been consumed excessively, and the self-supply generic technology model should become a more favorable mode of generic technology R D to save public resources; Customer perception and expected external benefits of marketization development have a good incentive effect on the enterprises" R D efforts, and have a positive impact on the enterprises" and government"s revenue, while R D costs and other factors have a negative impact on enterprises" R D efforts. Finally, according to the conclusions this paper puts forward some policy suggestions to promote the marketization development of generic technology from the aspects of giving full play to the regulation and inducement of the market and the government, encouraging enterprises to carry out “self-supply” R D activities and guiding multi-agent to participate in the vertical collaborative R D of generic technologies.

Key words:industrial generic technology; government subsidy; external supply; self-supply; marketization development