基于三阶段数据包络分析的全国高新技术产业开发区绩效评价

Performance Evaluation of National High-Tech Industrial Development Zones Based on Three-Stage DEA

摘要:

目前国内对高新区绩效的研究存在评价目标单一、评价内容模糊不清的问题。为有效评价我国高新区绩效水平，基于高新区的“高新技术”和“政府引导”两个基本内涵和多元化的功能定位，以37个国家高新区为例，运用三阶段数据包络分析（DEA）模型测算其剔除环境和随机误差前后的综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率以及规模报酬。结果表明：我国高新区整体绩效水平良好，而高新区综合效率无效的原因主要来源于规模效率无效；运用传统DEA模型测算存在纯技术效率被低估、规模效率被高估且被低估程度大于被高估程度的问题；对于高新区绩效，市场开放程度、宏观经济情况的影响为正，而产业结构、政策支持的影响为负。为进一步优化我国高新区资源配置，提出政府有关管理部门应当重视营造良好环境，对高新区的发展科学统筹规划，并加强引导和协调等政策建议。

Abstract:

At present, the domestic research on the performance of high-tech zones has the problems of single evaluation goal and vague evaluation content.In order to effectively evaluate the performance level of my country's high-tech zones, based on the two basic connotations and diversified functional positioning of the “high-tech” and “government guidance” of the high-tech zones, 37 national high-tech zones are taken as examples, using three-stage data envelopment analysis ( The DEA model measures its comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency, and return to scale before and after excluding environmental and random errors.The results show that the overall performance of my country's high-tech zones is good, and the overall efficiency of the high-tech zones is ineffective. The main reason for the ineffectiveness of the high-tech zones is the ineffectiveness of scale; the traditional DEA model is used to calculate that pure technical efficiency is underestimated, scale efficiency is overestimated, and the degree of underestimation is greater than that of overestimation. The question of the degree of evaluation; for the performance of the high-tech zone, the impact of market openness and macroeconomic conditions is positive, while the impact of industrial structure and policy support is negative.In order to further optimize the resource allocation of my country's high-tech zones, it is proposed that the relevant government management departments should pay attention to creating a good environment, make scientific overall planning for the development of high-tech zones, and strengthen guidance and coordination.