环境规制增加了环保成本投入,改变了生产要素结构,势必影响海洋产业效率。利用DEA-BCC模型对2001—2016年中国11个沿海省市海洋产业效率进行测度,构建面板模型分析环境规制与海洋产业效率的关系,探讨科技创新与FDI对二者关系的调节作用,并进一步考察科技创新和FDI联合效应的影响。研究结果表明：环境规制会降低海洋产业效率；科技创新和FDI对环境规制与海洋产业效率的负向关系产生影响,且二者的调节作用可以互相补充。在科技创新水平较低时,FDI仍可缓解环境规制对海洋产业效率的负向影响,为环境保护与经济增长协调发展提供了可能。各沿海省市应通过加强科技创新与成果转化能力并不断吸引优质FDI,缓解环境规制的约束,以达到环境保护与海洋产业效率的双赢,实现海洋经济高质量发展。

Environmental regulation increases the cost of environmental protection and changes the structure of production factors, which is bound to affect the efficiency of marine industry. Based on measuring efficiency of the marine industry using DEA-BCC model and the panel data of 11 coastal areas in China from 2001 to 2016, this paper analyzed the relationship between environmental regulation and the efficiency of the marine industry. It also investigated the moderating effect of technological innovation and FDI, as well as their joint effect. The research results show that: environmental regulation is not conducive to the efficiency of the marine industry. Besides, both technological innovation and FDI have moderating effects on the negative relationship between environmental regulation and the efficiency of the marine industry. Furthermore, technological innovation and FDI have a joint moderating effect that can complement each other. Although the level of scientific and technological innovation is not high, FDI can still play a role in alleviating the negative impact of environmental regulations on the efficiency of marine industry, which provides a possibility for the coordinated development of environmental protection and economic growth. Therefore, coastal provinces and cities should strengthen the ability of technological innovation and continuously attract high-quality FDI, which may ease the constraints of environmental regulations. A win-win situation between environmental protection and marine industry efficiency and high-quality development of marine economy can be achieved.

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青岛市哲学社会科学规划项目“青岛市海洋科技资源配置效率及提升对策研究”(QDSKL1901010)；山东省社科规划研究项目“新时代山东省风险应对与应急管理体系建设研究”(21CZZJ02)；2019年度山东省海洋生态环境与防灾减灾重点实验室开放基金资助项目“渤黄海三维联动的海洋生态灾害承灾因子及其评价体系研究”(201902)。,