多层级视角下区块链技术发展的专利情报实证分析

Patent intelligence analysis of the development of blockchain technology from a multi-level perspective

摘要:

[目的/意义]区块链作为国家十四五规划发展的重要新兴战略产业，其应用已延伸到金融、物联网、智能制造、数字资产等多个领域。以专利分析研究区块链技术的发展，是顺应时代潮流的需要，能够推动中国区块链技术的良性发展。[方法/过程]本文以德温特专利数据库2011年11月至2021年8月公开的区块链专利为数据来源，结合多层级视角理论，从宏观、中观、微观三个层面，展现全球范围内的区块链技术专利时空分布、技术研究热点、中外制度差异。[结果/结论]通过对比中美这两个区块链技术专利申请大国，发现中美两国区块链技术相关政策及发展重心存在显著差异，基于此，本文从监管体制、全球布局、产学研融合、地域性区块链等四个方面对我国区块链发展提出相应建议。

Abstract:

[Purpose / Significance] Blockchain is an important emerging strategic industry in in China's 14th Five-Year plan and its application has been extended to many fields such as finance, Internet of Things, intelligent manufacturing, and digital assets. Using patent analysis to study the development of blockchain technology is a need to conform to the trend of the times and can promote the sound development of China's blockchain technology. [Methods / Process] This paper uses the blockchain patents published in the Derwent innovation index database from November 2011 to August 2021 as the data source to show the temporal and spatial distribution of blockchain technology patents, technical research hotspots, and differences between Chinese and foreign systems on a global scale, combined with the multi-level perspective theory, from the macro, meso, and micro levels. [Results / Conclusion] This paper compares between China and the United States, the two major blockchain technology patent application countries, finds that there are significant differences in the related policies and development focus of blockchain technology between China and the United States, and puts forward corresponding suggestions for the development of my country’s blockchain through four aspects including supervision system, global distribution, industry-university-research cooperation and regional blockchain.