创业自我效能感与创新机会识别：一个有调节的中介模型

Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy and Innovation Opportunity Identification: a Moderated Mediation Model

摘要:

创业自我效能感是创新机会识别的促进因素这一观点可能夸大了创业自我效能感的好处而忽视了其潜在的成本。为此，关注创业自我效能感在机会识别过程中的黑暗面，并将信息扫描频率引入创新机会识别过程。基于145名中国创业者的调查数据，构建一个有调节的中介模型来考察创业自我效能感、信息扫描频率、创业经验与创新机会识别之间的关系。结果显示：创业自我效能感对信息扫描频率有负向影响，而信息扫描频率的降低不利于创新机会的识别；信息扫描频率在创业自我效能感与创新机会识别的关系中发挥负向中介作用，而创业经验可以缓解信息扫描频率的负向中介效应。基于此，提出新企业管理者应正确看待创业自我效能感对创新机会识别的作用机制，创业者应积极进行信息扫描并更好地利用创业经验等对策建议，以此启发创业者在实践中更好地识别创新机会。

Abstract:

The argument that entrepreneurial self-efficacy is a contributing factor in the identification of innovation opportunities may exaggerate its benefits of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and ignore its potential costs. Therefore, this peper focuses on the dark side of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in the process of opportunity identification, and introduce information scanning frequency into the process of innovation opportunity identification. Based on the survey data of 145 Chinese entrepreneurs, a moderated mediation model is constructed to investigate the relationship among entrepreneurial self-efficacy, information scanning frequency, entrepreneurial experience and innovation opportunity identification. The results show that entrepreneurial self-efficacy has a negative effect on the information scanning frequency, and the reduction of information scanning frequency is not conducive to identifying innovation opportunities; information scanning frequency plays a negative mediating role in the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and innovation opportunity identification, and entrepreneurial experience is able to alleviate the negative mediation effect of information scanning frequency. Based on this, it is suggested that managers of new enterprises should correctly view the mechanism of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on innovation opportunity identification, and entrepreneurs should actively scan information and make better use of entrepreneurial experience. This inspires entrepreneurs to better identify innovation opportunities in practice.