以科睿唯安公司2014-2020年发布的“全球高被引科学家”榜单为基础,分析、比较其人员的结构特征和趋势变化,对其中入选的工作地在中国内地的“高被引科学家”基本情况和成长规律进行分析。本文总结中国内地“全球高被引科学家”学科分布及成长规律特点包括中国“全球高被引科学家”数量和占比具有显著增长性；1/3学科领域具有全球引领性；地域分布具有高度集中性；海外经历具有阶段普遍性；职称破格具有一致认可性。提出中国实现战略科技领域精准引才用才育才的政策建议,包括制定精准引才专项计划,绘制全球高被引科学家地图；制定精准用才专项方案,提升高层次人才使用效能；避免ESI学科领域“木桶效应”现象,实现战略科技人才前瞻培养等。

Based on the “Global Highly Cited Researchers” list published by Clarivate from 2014 to 2020, we analyze the basic situation and growth pattern of the selected “highly cited researchers” working in mainland China by analyzing and comparing the structural characteristics and trend changes of their personnel. This paper summarizes the disciplinary distribution and growth pattern of “global highly cited researchers” in mainland China: the number and proportion of “global highly cited researchers” in China are significantly increasing; 1/3 of their research fields are at the global frontier; the researchers are highly concentrated geographically; their overseas experience is shared in stages, and their professional ranks and titles have exceptional promotion. This paper proposes policy recommendations for China to achieve “precise talent attraction, utilization and nurturing” in strategic science and technology: (1) formulate a special plan for precise talent attraction and map the global highly cited researchers; (2) formulate a special plan for precise talent utilization to enhance the effectiveness of using high-level talents; (3) avoid the phenomenon of “Cannikin’s Law” in ESI disciplines and realize the forward-looking cultivation of strategic science and technology talents.

本文是研究阐释党的十九届四中全会精神国家社科基金重大项目“构建具有全球竞争力的人才制度体系研究”(编号：20ZDA107)阶段性研究成果。