为把握全球水下潜器领域的研发前沿、国家布局及其未来研发方向，基于水下潜器领域SCI论文和发明专利数据，采用引文网络和专利地图方法，通过定义引文网络中的高被引论文、高频词、高被引新词以及专利地图中的重要专利、高频概念词等指标，综合专家意见，对水下潜器领域基础研究前沿和技术开发前沿进行识别；同时，基于引文网络中的论文总被引次数和重要专利总被引次数，对比分析主要国家在水下潜器领域的研发布局。结果显示：全球水下潜器领域研发处于活跃状态，其中无人自治式潜水器（AUV）方向一直保持较高的热度，相关研究起步早且发文体量大、增速最快；无人潜器应用研究方面的文献被引用量高、参与单位多、发表期刊水平高；AUV布放回收、通用技术、载荷以及无人遥控潜水器在油气业的应用等方向影响力最大；中国相关研发活跃、产出丰富，但缺乏相关技术的理论研究，产品市场竞争力较弱。

In order to study global frontiers, national R&D layout and future research directions of underwater vehicles, citation networks and patent maps combing with expert opinions were used to recognize frontiers of basic research and technology development for underwater vehicles by defining indicators such as highly cited papers, highly frequency keywords, highly cited new keywords, important patents and highly frequency concepts in the clusters based on SCI papers and patents data; at the mean time, the total number of citations of papers and patent citations were used separately to compare the research and development influence among different countries. The research results show that R&D studies of underwater vehicles are very active, studies on autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) have always maintained a high research interest with early start studies, large number of papers, highest rate of annual published papers; application studies on underwater vehicles have a high number of citations, a large number of participating universities and institutions, and always were published in high level journals; AUV deployment and recovery, general technology, payload, and the application of remotely operated vehicles in the oil and gas industry have the greatest influence in technology development of underwater vehicles;China has taken an active part in underwater vehicle studies and has abundant output, but it is still behind the leading countries in related theoretical researches and product market competitiveness.

G250.252；F204；G301

国家重点研发计划课题“2030 世界深海科技创新能力格局研究”（2018YFC0308402）蓝色智库项目“海洋科学全球创新格局和创新资源分布研究”（BTT-B201711）