生产性服务业集聚外部性如何影响区域创新？—基于长三角地区的实证分析

How Does Agglomeration Externality of Producer Services Affect Regional Innovation? -- Empirical Analysis Based on the Yangtze River Delta Region

摘要:

本文基于集聚外部性的角度理论分析了生产性服务业集聚对区域创新能力的作用机制，采用长三角地区2003-2018年地级市面板数据，基于地区异质性视角实证检验了生产性服务业集聚的三种外部性对区域创新能力的影响。总体而言，长三角地区创新能力发展主要受益于生产性服务业集聚的Porter外部性和Jacobs外部性，且Jacobs外部性的创新带动作用明显强于Porter外部性。邻近地区的生产性服务业集聚Mar外部性、Porter外部性和Jacobs外部性均能推动本地创新能力发展。不同类型的集聚外部性在不同地区间存在“选择效应”。受地区差异因素影响，三种外部性的作用方向有所差异。这表明，Mar外部性、Jacobs外部性和Porter外部性可以并存，结合地区特征的差异化、层次性的区域政策是十分必要的。

Abstract:

Based on the theory of agglomeration externalities, this paper analyzes the mechanism of producer services agglomeration on regional innovation capability. Based on the panel data of prefecture-level cities in the Yangtze River Delta region from 2003 to 2018, this paper empirically tests the impact of three externalities of producer services agglomeration on regional innovation capability from the perspective of regional heterogeneity. In general, the development of innovation capacity in the Yangtze River Delta region mainly benefits from Porter externalities and Jacobs externalities of producer services agglomeration, and Jacobs externalities play a stronger role in driving innovation than Porter externalities. Mar externalities, Porter externalities and Jacobs externalities of producer services agglomeration in neighboring regions can promote the development of local innovation capability. Different types of agglomeration externalities have "selection effect" in different regions. Due to the influence of regional differences, the action directions of the three externalities are different. This also shows that Mar, Jacobs and Porter externalities can coexist, and it is necessary to carry out differentiated and hierarchical regional policies combining regional characteristics.