科技创新政策体系框架研究

Frames for STI (Science, Technology Innovation) policies

摘要:

当前科技创新政策呈体系化发展，已逐渐成为独立的政策部类。研究提出科技创新政策体系框架并推动形成共识，是支撑政策研究和政策实践的理论基础，也是推动政策制定、交流、评价和实施的保障。本文基于理论分析和对比研究，在公共政策范畴中，围绕研发系统和技术经济系统厘清科技创新政策体系的范畴及与其他经济社会政策的关联；并探讨从政策分析、政策制定、政策执行、政策目标四视角提出了科技创新政策体系框架结构，（1）从政策分析视角，按照政策类型分为强制性政策、宏观战略和落地实施政策；（2）从政策制定视角，按照政策工具类型分为供给面、需求面和环境面政策；（3）从政策执行视角，按照创新主体类型分为政府、企业、公共研发机构等类型政策；（4）从政策目标视角，按照价值导向分为经济目标和社会目标导向政策。

Abstract:

The science, technology & innovation (STI) policy is developing systematically and has gradually become an independent department in public policy now. It is urgent to propose in consensus the frame for the STI policy system, which serves for the theoretical basis supporting the STI policy research and practice, and serves for the guarantee for promoting policy formulation, exchanges, evaluation and implementation more efficiently. By theoretical and comparative analysis, we clarify the scope of STI policies centered on the R&D and technical economy system and their relationship with other economic and social policies in public policy. Besides, we put forward the frame structure for STI policy from perspectives of policy analysis, policy making, policy implementation, and policy objectives, i.e.,1st perspective of policy analysis, in which STI policy can be categorized into mandatory policies, macro strategies, and implementing policies by policy types; 2ed perspective of policy making, in which STI policy can be categorized into supply-side, demand-side and environment-side by policy tools; 3rd perspective of policy implementation, in which STI policy can be categorized into government, public research sectors, enterprises by the implementing actors; 4th perspective of policy objectives, in which STI policy can be categorized into economy oriented and society oriented by value orientation.