企业开放式创新驱动因素的临界条件、因果关系与模式匹配:过程理论视角[*]

Critical Conditions, Causality and Pattern Matching of Driving Factors of Enterprise Open Innovation: A Process Theory Perspective

摘要:

本研究基于系统动力学理论，针对开放式创新自外而内、自内而外和耦合三种模式，将以企业开放式创新中“知识获取-知识整合-商业模式化”的过程为观察点，构建企业开放式创新驱动因素的系统动力学模型，探析企业开放式创新过程的驱动因素，绘制三种模式下企业开放式创新的因果关系图和流图，并进行系统仿真模拟。研究发现，在企业以保增长为目标的情况下，会优先选择自外而内的开放式创新模式；在企业以降低成本为目标的情况下，会优先选择自内而外的开放式创新模式；在企业既要保持增长又要降低成本的情况下，会选择耦合的开放式创新模式；在自外而内开放式创新战略下，企业自第五年开始提升创新绩效；在自内而外开放式创新战略下，企业自第八年或第九年开始提升创新绩效。研究结果为企业进行开放式创新的关键驱动因素的寻找奠定理论基础，提供新的思路。

关键词:开放式创新;驱动因素;临界条件;模式匹配;系统动力学

Abstract:

Based on the theory of system dynamics, this research focuses on the three modes of open innovation: outside-in, inside-out and coupling, and will take the process of "knowledge acquisition-knowledge integration-business modelization" in enterprise open innovation as an observation point , Construct a system dynamics model of the driving factors of enterprise open innovation, analyze the driving factors of the enterprise open innovation process, draw the cause and effect diagram and flow diagram of enterprise open innovation under the three modes, and carry out system simulation simulation. The study found that when the company aims to maintain growth, it will give priority to the open innovation model from the outside; when the company aims to reduce costs, it will give priority to the open innovation model from the inside out ; In the case of companies that want to maintain growth and reduce costs, they will choose a coupled open innovation model; Under the outside-in open innovation strategy, companies start to improve their innovation performance from the fifth year; under the inside-out open innovation strategy, companies start to improve their innovation performance from the eighth or ninth year. The research results lay a theoretical foundation and provide new ideas for companies to find the key driving factors for open innovation.

Key words:open innovation; driving factors; critical conditions; pattern matching; system dynamics