创新价值链视角下的中国5G技术发展政策工具选择——基于中央政府政策文本的分析

Selection of policy tools for China"s 5G technology development from the perspective of innovation value chain: based on the analysis of the central government"s policy text

摘要:

政策工具是连接政策目标与结果之间的桥梁,也是政策制定与执行的关键环节,开展公共政策工具选择的研究具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。基于创新价值链视角,建构“政策工具-创新价值链”二维分析框架,采用内容量化分析方法,对2018-2021年上半年中央政府出台的5G技术发展政策进行文本编码。结果发现：供给面政策工具被政府频繁使用,政府较多使用环境面政策工具,需求面政策工具使用的次数最少；5G技术研发环节和产业化环节选取的政策工具集中于供给面政策工具这一类别,商业化环节使用的政策工具主要是需求面政策工具和环境面政策工具两大类别。从政策目标、工具属性及其实施环境三个影响因素解释和归纳中央政府关于5G技术发展政策工具选择的缘由,认为政策目标是政策工具选择的首要前提；政策工具的特性影响政策工具优化配置；政策工具的选择与实施环境紧密相关。

Abstract:

Policy tools are a bridge between policy objectives and results, and also a key link in policy formulation and implementation. Researching on the choice of public policy tools has important theoretical value and practical significance. Based on the perspective of innovation value chain, a two-dimensional analysis framework of "Policy tools-Innovation Value Chain" is constructed, and the content quantitative analysis method is adopted to encode the text of 5G technology development policies issued by the central government during the first half of 2018-2021. The results show that the supply-side policy tools are frequently used by the government, the environment-side policy tools are more frequently used by the government, and the demand-side policy tools are least frequently used. The policy tools selected in the R D and industrialization of 5G technology focus on the category of supply-side policy tools, while the policy tools used in the commercialization are mainly demand-side policy tools and environment-side policy tools. The reasons for the central government"s choice of policy tools for 5G technology development are explained and summarized from three influencing factors: policy objectives, tool attributes and implementation environment. It is considered that policy objectives are the primary prerequisite for the choice of policy tools. The characteristics of policy tools influence the optimal allocation of policy tools. The choice of policy tools is closely related to the implementation environment.