Abstract:The change of causal ambiguity has different results between and within enterprises, which leads to the dilemma of causal ambiguity paradox in the research. Based on this, multi-level research was introduced to test and analyze the paradox of causal ambiguity""s influence on sustainable competitive advantage and innovation ability.The results show that feature ambiguity and relevance ambiguity have a negative effect on employees"" innovation ability, among which interactive alternative learning has a mediating effect between feature ambiguity, relevance ambiguity and innovation ability, and feature ambiguity and relevance ambiguity can affect innovation ability through interactive alternative learning. Feature ambiguity and correlation ambiguity have no positive effect on the sustainable competitive advantage among enterprises.