项目间学习的知识转移效率影响因素及实证分析

The Impact factors of Knowledge Transfer Efficiency of Inter Project Learning and Its Empirical Analysis

摘要:

通过文献综述梳理项目间学习的知识转移效率影响因素，建立项目间学习的知识转移效率的系统动力学模型，探讨了直接影响因素以及网络传播、项目间关系等复杂因素对于知识转移效率的影响，并以京津冀地区的大气污染治理过程为样本，模拟治理项目方案的知识转移效率变化。主要结论有：（1）在项目间学习的知识转移过程中，知识转移效率逐步增长，积极促进作用的因素占据主导地位。（2）在知识转移中后期，正是知识吸收过程的转化能力和开发能力阶段，是网络传播影响知识转移效率的关键时间，增长的知识转移效率会直接提高网络传播强度，形成正向反馈；更加紧密的项目间关系增加了转移情境强度，提高了知识转移效率；业务部门间紧密的直接联系对知识转移起到阻碍作用，代表着过多地干涉这一期间的知识转移过程，对知识转移效率提高有益的状态是业务部门间呈现更加松散的联系。（3）实证研究表明，联防联控机制代表着京津冀地区大气污染治理项目方案中最好的知识转化水平，转移情境、转移媒介以及项目双方知识增量、社会网络等因素对知识转移的促进作用也最显著。

Abstract:

The paper summarizes the factors influencing the efficiency of knowledge transfer in inter-project learning, establishes a systematic dynamic model of knowledge transfer efficiency of inter-project learning, discusses the influence of direct factors and complex factors such as network communication and project relationship on the efficiency of knowledge transfer. Taking the process of air pollution control in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei as a sample, the governance project acts are simulated to measure the change of knowledge transfer efficiency. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) in the process of knowledge transfer of inter-project learning, the efficiency of knowledge transfer gradually increases, and the active factors play a leading role. (2) In the late stage of knowledge transfer, it is the stage of transformation ability and development ability in knowledge absorption process, and the key time for network communication to affect the efficiency. Higher knowledge transfer efficiency will directly improve the intensity of network communication and form positive feedback. Tighter inter-project relationship increases the intensity of transfer landscape and thus improves the efficiency of knowledge transfer. The close direct relationship of business department hinders the knowledge transfer, which represents too much interference in the process, and the state of benefit is to keep more loose relationship. (3) empirical study shows that the united governance mechanism in the air pollution control project in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area represents the best level of knowledge transformation. The factors such as transfer landscape, transfer media, knowledge increment of both sides and social network have the most significant effects on the process of knowledge transfer.