众创空间创新创业效率评价及影响因素分析--基于中国30个省区市面板数据

Evaluation of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Efficiency of Maker Space and Analysis of Influencing Factors--Based on Panel Data of 30 Provinces, Autonomous Regions and Cities in China

摘要:

在创新驱动发展战略和深入推进创新创业发展的大背景下，需立足创新创业服务平台，优化创新创业生态体系。因此，本文利用中国30个省区市面板数据，在采用传统DEA模型和Malmquist指数相结合的方法从静态和动态两方面科学合理测度众创空间创新创业效率的基础上，通过建立Tobit模型考察影响众创空间创新创业效率的重要因素。研究发现：第一，2016—2020年中国30个省区市众创空间创新创业综合效率整体上不太理想。第二，30个省区市众创空间创新创业效率呈现波动式上升变化，效率增长主要来自于技术进步的贡献；四大地区众创空间创新创业全要素生产率逐年提升。第三，第三产业GDP占比、轻资产运营模式、技术市场发展水平显著促进众创空间创新创业效率的提高，政府补贴则显著抑制众创空间创新创业效率的提高，教育投入水平不显著正向影响众创空间创新创业效率。本文为政府相关部门和众创空间运营机构提供了实证依据，研究结论为政府出台创新创业发展政策和促进众创空间创新创业服务的有效供给有着一定的借鉴意义。

Abstract:

Under the background of innovation-driven development strategy and in-depth promotion of innovation and entrepreneurship development, it is necessary to optimize the innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem based on the innovation and entrepreneurship service platform. Therefore, this paper uses the panel data of 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China to scientifically and reasonably measure the innovation and entrepreneurship efficiency of makerspaces from both static and dynamic aspects by combining the traditional DEA model and the Malmquist index, and establishes a Tobit model to investigate the impact. An important factor in the efficiency of innovation and entrepreneurship in makerspaces. The research found that: First, the overall efficiency of innovation and entrepreneurship in the 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China from 2016 to 2020 was not ideal. Second, the innovation and entrepreneurship efficiency of makerspaces in 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities showed a fluctuating upward change, and the increase in efficiency was mainly due to the contribution of technological progress; the total factor productivity of innovation and entrepreneurship in makerspaces in the four major regions increased year by year. Third, the GDP ratio of the tertiary industry, the asset-light operation model, and the development level of the technology market have significantly promoted the improvement of the innovation and entrepreneurship efficiency of the maker space, while government subsidies have significantly inhibited the improvement of the innovation and entrepreneurship efficiency of the maker space. To influence the efficiency of innovation and entrepreneurship in the maker space. This paper provides an empirical basis for relevant government departments and makerspace operating agencies, and the research conclusion has certain reference significance for the government to issue innovation and entrepreneurship development policies and promote the effective supply of makerspace innovation and entrepreneurship services.