北京高精尖产业生态系统发展评价

Evaluation on the development of Beijing"s high-tech industrial ecosystemJia pinrong

摘要:

【目的/意义】高精尖产业的本质,是一种创新驱动的产业,对产业生态要求很高。迄今为止,对高精尖产业的支持主要侧重于高精尖技术的突破与产业化。实际上,高精尖产业的发展不仅依赖于科学技术的突破,包括营商环境、配套投入和互补性产品等在内的整个配套与支撑体系也至关重要。如同生物群落是一个有机的整体一样,产业的发展也依赖于健康的生态环境。只有健康的产业生态系统才能支撑新兴技术、新兴商业模式、新兴企业的成长与变革,进而推动高精尖产业的繁荣。因此,除了技术的创新与产业化之外,有必要从产业生态系统的视角,研究高精尖产业的培育和发展。【设计/方法】建构了高精尖产业生态系统发展的关键要素指标体系,包含多样性包容性、营养物质、新陈代谢、能量转换、主体要素间的关联、环境支撑六大关键要素,采用熵值法对评价指标进行赋权,运用限制因子和Topsis方法构建评价模型,评价分析了北京高精尖产业生态系统。【结论/发现】经评价,北京高精尖产业生态系统在2016～2020年间综合得分逐渐提升,从2016年的0.8868上升到2020年的0.9970,这说明北京高精尖产业生态系统整体上向好发展；同时研究发现：R D人员全时当量、投入产出效率、产业技术创新战略联盟数量及产学研结合水平四个因子为北京高精尖产业的限制因子,应重点突破。

关键词:高精尖产业;产业生态系统;评价分析

Abstract:

[Purpose / significance] the essence of high-tech industry is an innovation driven industry, which has high requirements for industrial ecology. So far, the support for high-tech industry mainly focuses on the breakthrough and industrialization of high-tech technology. In fact, the development of high-tech and sophisticated industries not only depends on the breakthrough of science and technology, but also the whole supporting and supporting system, including business environment, supporting investment and complementary products. Just as the biological community is an organic whole, the development of industry also depends on a healthy ecological environment. Only a healthy industrial ecosystem can support the growth and transformation of emerging technologies, emerging business models and emerging enterprises, and then promote the prosperity of high-end industries. Therefore, in addition to technological innovation and industrialization, it is necessary to study the cultivation and development of high-precision industries from the perspective of industrial ecosystem. [design / method] the index system of key elements for the development of high-tech industrial ecosystem is constructed, including six key elements: diversity and inclusiveness, nutrients, metabolism, energy conversion, correlation between main elements and environmental support. The evaluation index is weighted by entropy method, and the evaluation model is constructed by limiting factor and TOPSIS method to evaluate and analyze the high-tech industrial ecosystem in Beijing. [conclusion / findings] according to the evaluation, the comprehensive score of Beijing"s high-precision industrial ecosystem gradually increased from 0.8868 in 2016 to 0.9970 in 2020, indicating that Beijing"s high-precision industrial ecosystem is developing well as a whole; At the same time, it is found that the four factors of full-time equivalent of R amp; D personnel, input-output efficiency, the number of industrial technology innovation strategic alliances and the combination level of industry, University and research are the limiting factors of Beijing"s high-precision and cutting-edge industries, which should be broken through.

Key words:high precision and cutting-edge industry; Industrial ecosystem; Evaluation analysis.