我国油田开发中后期提高采收率技术成熟度评估研究

Technology Maturity Assessment of Enhanced Oil Recovery Technologies in Middle and Late Chinese Oilfield Development

摘要:

我国陆上油田大多已经进入高、特高含水期,开采难度越来越大,选择适合油藏特征的提高采收率技术对于油田稳产增产日趋重要。本研究梳理了我国油田已应用和将要采用的提高采收率技术清单,提出油田中后期提高采收率技术成熟度评估方法,将技术成熟度等级和技术生命周期对应起来,绘制了技术成熟度曲线,并讨论了各类提高采收率技术的未来发展路线。研究结果表明,蒸汽吞吐、蒸汽驱、聚合物驱等技术目前已基本成熟,在适宜油藏类型和地质特征的油田得到了较为广泛地推广应用；稠油开采技术需拓展矿场实验规模和类型；水驱技术需加强对地质油藏的认识程度和表征精度；化学驱技术需进攻关经济、环保、稳定的体系配方；注气技术需突破气源低成本供应瓶颈；微生物驱技术需扩大试验规模,增强实验效果；超前储备颠覆性技术需做大量基础研究、先导试验、技术攻关试验和矿场试验。

Abstract:

Most of the onshore oilfields in China have already entered in high and ultra-high water cut stage, and the extraction is becoming more and more difficult, so it is increasingly important to select the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technologies suitable for the reservoir characteristics to stabilize and increase the oilfield production. This paper combs out the list of EOR technologies applied and to be adopted in China"s oil fields, proposes a technology maturity assessment method for EOR technologies in middle and late Chinese oilfield development, corresponds technology maturity levels to technology life cycles, draws Hype Cycles, and discusses the future development routes of various types of EOR technologies. The results show that cyclic steam stimulation, steam flooding and polymer flooding are basically mature and have been widely applied in fields with suitable reservoir types and geological characteristics. For the heavy oil thermal recovery, the scale and type of field experiments should be expanded further. For the water flooding, the understanding and representation precision of geological reservoirs must be strengthened. For the chemical flooding, the economic, environmentally friendly and stable Formulation optimization need to be tackled. For the gas injection, need to break through the bottleneck of gas supply. For the microbial flooding, the scale of experiments should be expanded, and the experimental effect should be enhanced. For the advanced disruptive technologies, a lot of basic research, pilot test, technology research test and mine test should be tested in the field further.