“十三·五”时期全国各类高校科研效率的回顾性研究

A Retrospective Study on the Research Efficiency of Various Universities in China in the 13th Five-Year Plan Period--Based on DEA-BCC and Malmquist Model Analysis

摘要:

基于2016-2020年教育部科技司《高等学校科技资料汇编》的全国6大类高校科技统计数据，采用DEA-BCC、SE-DEA和Malmquist模型来分析我国高校科研效率静态、动态变化趋势，结果表明：全国各类高校整体科研效率较高，其中综合类、理工类高校连续5年DEA有效，6类高校科研的技术效率值排序为理工类>其他类>综合类>医药类>师范类>农林类高校，非DEA有效的农林类高校在2017年-2020年出现投入冗余和产出不足，医药类、师范类高校在2020年出现投入冗余；6类高校的生产效率指数呈上升与下降交替趋势，主要由TC和TEC同时驱动，尤其是理工类、综合类和其他类高校处于领跑状态，技术效率和技术进步指数均在前三位。各类高校的科技资源配置已完全能满足其科技需求，实现了高投入高产出的科研效率；研究结果为“十四·五”时期国家科技管理部门更加科学有效地配置高校科研资金，加快和鼓励高校实现科研成果转化提供了重要的参考数据。

Abstract:

This paper using DEA-BCC、SE-DEA and Malmquist index models analyzed the static and dynamic trends of scientific research efficiency of colleges and universities in China based on the science and technology statistics of six major categories of colleges and universities nationwide from 2016 to 2020 by using the Compilation of Science and Technology Information of Higher Education Institutions by the Department of Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education. The results show that the overall scientific research efficiency of all types of colleges and universities nationwide is high,among which comprehensive,science and technology types of colleges and universities have DEA validity for 5 consecutive years, The technical efficiency values of scientific research in 6 types of colleges and universities are ranked as Science and technology types> Other types >Comprehensive types> Medicine types > Teacher training types > Agriculture and forestry types, and non-DEA valid agriculture and forestry colleges and universities have input redundancy and output deficiency from 2017 to 2020, medicine and teacher training colleges and universities have input redundancy in 2020; the total factor productivity of scientific research of all types of colleges and universities The production efficiency index shows an alternating trend of rising and falling, mainly driven by the technological progress and technicalefficiency indexs at the same time.especially universities in science and technology, comprehensive and other categories are leading,Both the technological progress and technicalefficiency indexs are in the top three. reflecting the reform of scientific research management system of all types of universities has improved their comprehensive management ability,effectively allocating and avoiding the obstruction of flow and idleness of scientific research funds,and the allocation of scientific and technological resources of all types of universities can fully meet their scientific and technological needs and achieve high input and output scientific research efficiency. The research results provide important reference data for the national science and technology management departments to allocate university research funds more scientifically and effectively and to accelerate and encourage the transformation of research achievements in universities in the 14th Five-Year Plan period.