对标达标：标准化建设的理论转向、机制构建与政策展望

Standard-Benchmarking: Theoretical Turn, Mechanism Construction and Policy Prospect of Standardization

摘要:

企业标准与国际标准、国外先进标准之间的差异，是激发企业制订和实施标准主动性的动力。针对我国标准化转型过程中政府与市场关系协调优化问题，以我国“百城千业万企对标达标提升专项行动”为例，基于全国对标达标信息服务平台的数据，梳理不同主体、不同规模企业、不同产业参与对标达标活动的情况，系统分析我国标准化建设的理论转向，探索对标达标的市场化路径与机制构建，并通过走访调研3家典型代表企业，验证对标达标对产业高质量发展的推动作用。研究发现：对标达标通过标准化主体关系的结构性调整、标准化服务范围的整体性覆盖、国内与国际标准的衔接畅通等3个方面强化着市场在标准化资源配置中的决定性作用，为此建构以国际市场为导向、先进标准为对象、市场主体为核心、多主体协同参与为保障、持续学习与创新为方法的质量标准提升机制，提出构建协同参与的治理格局、优化政府与市场的主体关系、因地制宜开展标准质量提升等对策建议。

Abstract:

The difference, between enterprise standards and international standards,advanced foreign standards, is the driving force for enterprises to implement standards proactively. This paper sorts out the participation situation of different entities, different scales’enterprises, and industries in standard-benchmarking activities, and systematically analyzes the theoretical shift of China's standardization construction, and explores the market-oriented path and mechanism construction for standard-benchmarking, and verifies the effect of benchmarking and meeting standards on the high-quality development of the industry by visiting and researching three typical representative enterprises, in view of the optimization of the relationship between the government and the market in the process of China's standardization transformation, taking “Special Action to Improve the standard-benchmarking of Hundred Cities, Thousand Industries, and Ten Thousand Enterprises” as an example, and basing on data from the national standard-benchmarking information service platform. It is found that standard-benchmarking is strengthening the decisive role of the market in standard resource allocation, which concludes relationship structural adjustment of standardization organizations, the integrity of standardized service coverage, the domestic and international standards uniformity. This paper also constructs a quality standard improvement mechanism guided by the international market, with advanced standards as the object, market entities as the core, multi-agent collaborative participation as the guarantee, and continuous learning and innovation as the method, and in the end proposes strategies and suggestions to build a governance pattern of collaborative participation, optimize the relationship between the government and the market, and carry out standard quality improvement according to local conditions.