社会支持、心理韧性与农户农地质量持续保护行为

Social support, psychological resilience and farmers" sustainable protection behavior of farmland quality

摘要:

突破已有研究中主要关注某一农地质量保护技术的推广，而对社会支持对农户农地质量保护行为的影响侧重探讨单一维度的不足，将社会支持划分为工具支持、信息支持、情感支持3类，关注不同类型社会支持对农户农地质量持续保护行为的影响差异，以及包含坚韧性、自强性、乐观性3个维度的心理韧性在其中的中介作用。基于中国秦巴山区697份茶农调研问卷数据，运用多元概率比回归和中介效应模型进行实证分析，以期为促进农户持续采取农地质量保护行动提供参考。结果表明：（1）工具支持、信息支持、情感支持均可以促进农户农药废弃物持续回收、地表持续覆盖和有机肥持续施用行为；（2）心理韧性的三个维度在社会支持与农药废弃物持续回收行为和社会支持与地表持续覆盖行为的关系中具有中介效应，而心理韧性在有机肥持续施用模型中呈现遮掩效应；（3）外部风险在坚韧性、乐观性促进农户农药废弃物持续回收行为以及坚韧性促进农户地表持续覆盖行为中具有强化作用；（4）农业收入占比、农地面积促进了农户农药废弃物持续回收行为，性别、受教育程度促进了农户地表持续覆盖行为，受教育程度、健康状况促进了农户有机肥持续施用行为。据此，建议政府建立相关社会支持体系，充分发挥村集体和合作社的组织功能，为农户农地质量持续保护行为提供内生动力。

关键词:农地质量持续保护;农户;社会支持;心理韧性;环境意识

Abstract:

This paper breaks through the shortcomings of existing studies that focuses on the promotion of a particular farmland quality conservation technology but explores the impact of social support on farmers' farmland quality conservation behavior by focusing on a single dimension. This paper classifies social support into three categories: tool support, information support, and emotional support, and focuses on the differences in the influence of different types of social support on farmers' farmland quality conservation behavior, as well as the intermediary role of psychological resilience, which contains three dimensions of tenacity, self-improvement and optimism. Based on the data of 697 tea farmers' research questionnaires in the Qinba Mountains in China, an empirical analysis is conducted using Probit and mediating effect models, with the aim of providing a reference for promoting farmers' sustainable farmland quality conservation behavior. The results show as follows: (1) Tool support, information support, and emotional support can promote farmers' continuous recycling of pesticide waste, continuous surface coverage and continuous application of organic fertilizer; (2) The three dimensions of psychological resilience have intermediary effects in the relationship between social support and sustainable recycling of pesticide waste, and between social support and sustainable surface coverage, while they show masking effects in the organic fertilizer application model. (3) External risks play a reinforcing role in the resilience and optimism to promote farmers' sustainable recycling of pesticide waste and the resilience to promote farmers' sustainable land cover. (4) Agricultural income ratio and farmland area promote farmers' continuous recycling of pesticide waste, gender and education level promote farmers' continuous surface coverage, and education level and health status promote farmers' continuous application of organic fertilizer. Accordingly, it is suggested that the government should establish a relevant social support system and give full play to the organizational functions of village collectives and cooperatives to provide endogenous motivation for farmers' sustainable farmland quality conservation behavior.

Key words:farmers; farmers' sustainable farmland quality conservation behavior; social support; psychological resilience; environment consciousness