双碳目标下我国政府-公众双重治理的空间溢出效应分析

Spatial Spillover Effect of Government-public Dual Governance under Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goals

摘要:

要实现碳达峰、碳中和目标，注重全民参与和“政府--公众”协同治理成为新趋势。本文基于空间溢出视角，使用2003-2019年我国30个省份（西藏和港澳台除外）的面板数据，构建空间杜宾模型观察政府、公众及政府—公众协同减排效果及空间溢出效应。结果表明，目前政府治理手段存在显著的本地效应和空间溢出效应，而公众治理行为的减碳作用还存在局限；政府—公众协同治理可降低本地区碳排放强度，但这一机制主要存在于东部地区，中、西部地区尚不显著；中央政府监管力度的加强有利于提升地方政府与公众的联合减排效应。基于此，提出以下建议：强化政府碳减排主导作用，深化区域联防联控机制；疏通公众参与碳减排渠道，促进双碳人才深层次参与；合理加强中央政府监管力度，落实低碳管控措施；完善多元低碳治理政策，因地制宜最大化碳减排优势。

Abstract:

To achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, it has become a new trend to focus on the participation of all people and "government-public" collaborative governance. Based on the spatial spillover perspective, this paper constructs a spatial Durbin model to observe the effect of government, public and government-public collaborative emission reduction and spatial spillover effects using panel data of 30 provinces (excluding Tibet and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) in China from 2003 to 2019. The results show that there are significant local effects and spatial spillover effects of current government governance instruments, while the carbon reduction effects of public governance behaviors are still limited. Government-public collaborative governance can reduce carbon emission intensity in the region, but this mechanism mainly exists in the eastern region, and is not yet significant in the central and western regions. The strengthening of central government regulation is conducive to enhancing the joint emission reduction effect of local governments and the public. Based on this, the following suggestions are made: strengthen government-led carbon emission reduction, deepen regional joint prevention and control mechanism; unblock public participation in carbon emission reduction channels and promote deep participation of dual carbon talents; reasonably strengthen central government supervision and implementation of low-carbon control measures; improve diversified low-carbon governance policies and maximize the advantages of carbon emission reduction according to local conditions.