论微生物知识产权保护的机制完善

On the Perfection of the Mechanism of Microbial intellectual Property Protection

摘要:

微生物领域的专利申请和授权文本中，权利要求通常仅含有保藏编号，而无其他对微生物进行表征的文字信息。申请人在提交用于专利程序的微生物保藏时，现有规则下，保藏单位并无义务对微生物的准确性进行鉴定，由此带来实际保藏材料不准确、保藏机构权责界定不清、权利要求范围争议大、侵权比对困难等系列潜在问题。基于当前分子生物学鉴定技术迅速发展、成本大幅下降的现状，有必要对专利程序微生物保藏规则进行完善，通过增加保藏程序中的复核鉴定步骤，以增强微生物专利的公示性和稳定性。

Abstract:

Under existing rules, claims often contain only accession numbers in patent authorizations in the microbiological field, without other written information on microbial characterization. When an applicant submits a microbial preservation for patent procedures, the preservation entity is not obliged to identify the accuracy of microorganisms, which brings about a series of potential problems such as inaccuracy of actual preservation materials, difficulty in defining the rights and responsibilities of the preservation institution, difficulty in defining the scope of claims, and dispute over infringement comparison. Based on the current development status of molecular biology identification technology, it is necessary to improve the microbial preservation rules of patent procedures from the aspects of guiding the writing of patent application documents and increasing the identification steps in the preservation procedures, so as to enhance the publicity and stability of micro biome-related patent rights.