市场分割、“双碳”目标对中国能源效率的影响——基于中介和调节效应的检验

The Impact of Market Segmentation and "Double Carbon" Target on China's Energy Efficiency: A Test Based on Mediation and Regulation Effects

摘要:

2021年，中国能源强度同比下降2.7%，能源效率明显提高，但仍然面临碳减排压力大、能源效率机制不成熟和区域间市场分割等问题。“双碳”目标的提出为促进中国经济社会高质量发展，改进能源效率带来了机遇。文章基于2004―2020年市场分割和“双碳”目标对能源效率影响的省际面板数据，首先系统考察了市场分割框架下的三种假设对能源效率的影响。其次，分析了“双碳”目标作为外部环境约束，如何调节市场分割对能源效率的影响。最后，检验了调节效应的区域异质性。研究发现，市场分割通过配置效率、规模效率传导机制抑制了能源效率的提升，但通过技术效率渠道促进了能源效率的提高。再进行调节效应检验后发现，调节效应存在区域异质性，更有利于促进中部和西部省份能源效率提升。据此，为中国在市场分割背景下提升能源效率和实施“双碳”政策提供事实依据和对策建议。

Abstract:

In 2021, China's energy intensity decreased by 2.7% year-on-year, and its energy efficiency improved significantly. However, it still faces problems such as high pressure on carbon emission reduction, immature energy efficiency mechanism and interregional market segmentation. The proposal of the “double carbon” goal has brought opportunities for promoting China's high-quality economic and social development and improving energy efficiency. Based on the inter provincial panel data of the impact of market segmentation and “double carbon” target on energy efficiency from 2004 to 2020, this paper systematically investigates the impact of three assumptions under the framework of market segmentation on energy efficiency. Secondly, it examines how the “double carbon” target, as an external environmental constraint, regulates the impact of market segmentation on energy efficiency. Finally, the regional heterogeneity of regulatory effect was tested. It is found that market segmentation inhibits the improvement of energy efficiency through the transmission mechanism of allocation efficiency and scale efficiency, but promotes the improvement of energy efficiency through the channel of technical efficiency. After the test of regulation effect, it is found that there is regional heterogeneity in regulation effect, which is more conducive to promoting the improvement of energy efficiency in Central and Western Provinces.Based on this, it provides factual basis and Countermeasures for China to implement the “double carbon” policy under the background of market segmentation.