新兴产业突破性创新网络动态演化特征及知识扩散规律研究——以我国生物医药产业为例

Research on dynamic evolution and knowledge diffusion of radical innovation networks in emerging industries: Based on China"s biomedical industry

摘要:

突破性创新是解决新兴产业“卡脖子”问题的有效路径,创新网络能加速知识扩散,进而提高突破性创新搜索、组织和治理效率。在新兴产业突破性创新发展基础上,更好地培育网络、明确网络动态演化路径和知识扩散过程,具有重要理论和现实意义。为明晰我国新兴产业突破性创新网络构型结构、动态演化特征和知识扩散规律,以生物医药产业为例,结合社会网络分析和纵向案例方法开展探索性研究。研究表明：新兴产业突破性创新网络经历了形成、拓展、稳定和更替等演化阶段,不同阶段呈现企业内部合作型、焦点企业中心型、局部密集型和复杂密集型等结构特征,凸显涌现、多元、集聚和跨界等主导发展特征；随着突破性创新网络演化,网络内部知识扩散速度、广度和深度均呈现先增加后下降的“倒U型”趋势,且知识扩散速度在拓展期达到峰值,跨学科知识成为演化后期主要扩散源,主体间知识距离越远越有利于深化知识扩散,更替期具有完全显著的空间距离衰减特征。

关键词:突破性创新网络;新兴产业;网络构型;网络演化;知识扩散

Abstract:

Radical innovation is an effective way to solve the "bottleneck" problem of emerging industries. Innovation networks can accelerate the diffusion of knowledge and improve the efficiency of radical innovation search, organize and governance. Based on the emerging industries’ radical innovation development, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to cultivate the network and clarify its dynamic evolution path and knowledge diffusion process. Taking China"s bio pharmaceutical industry as an example, we use social network analysis and vertical case method to carry out exploratory research on the radical network structure, dynamic evolution characteristics and knowledge diffusion pattern of emerging industries. The research shows that the radical innovation network of emerging industries has gone through four evolution stages, including formation, expansion, stability and replacement. The four stages respectively represent the internal cooperation type, focus enterprise centered type, local intensive type and complex intensive type. Showing emerging, diversified, clustered, cross-border and other leading development characteristics. With the evolution of radical innovation network, the speed, breadth and depth of knowledge diffusion within the network show an inverted "U" trend. The speed of knowledge diffusion reaches its peak in the expansion period. Interdisciplinary knowledge becomes the main source of knowledge diffusion in the later stage of network evolution. The farther the knowledge distance between subjects is, the more conducive to deepening knowledge diffusion. The replacement period has a completely significant spatial distance attenuation feature.

Key words:radical innovation network; emerging industry; network configuration; network evolution; knowledge diffusion