我国空间科学与应用领域的科技成果评估

Evaluation of Scientific and Technological Achievements on the Fields of Space Science and Application in China

摘要:

我国空间科学与应用领域在研制任务相关技术评估方面已形成了相关法律法规、国家顶层政策、部委政策和工程管理政策等4个层次结构，在国家加强科技成果规范评价的背景下，对其科技成果进行规范化和体系化的评估成为有待进一步研究的重点。因此，在总结国家发布的一系列相关政策和国家标准基础上，分析空间科学与应用成果评估的内涵和目的，总结其基于任务的分层分类分阶段评估、基于价值的多领域多要素多指标综合评估、突出国际前沿比较和应用用户评价、定性与定量相结合评价的特点，提出按任务层次、项目类型和工程阶段等方式的评估分类，以及全周期过程的成果产出与评估理念，形成构建评估模型、形式审查、组建评估专家组、成果评估、评估结果分析与反馈等主要评估流程，给出载荷研制类、科学实验类、科学研究类（或基础研究类）、应用研究类等4类成果的主要体现形式和评估要素，并提出在同行评议基础上采用统计调查法、文献计量法和定量与定性相结合的方法进行评估。最后针对我国空间科学与应用成果评估存在的四大问题给出六点发展建议。

Abstract:

In the fields of space science and application in China, four hierarchical structures had been formed in terms of technological evaluation related to development tasks, including relevant laws and regulations, national level policies, ministerial policies, and engineering management policies. In the context of strengthening the standardized evaluation of scientific and technological achievements, the standardized and systematic evaluation of scientific and technological achievements had become a focus for further research in the fields of space science and application. Therefore, on the basis of summarizing a series of relevant policies and national standards, the connotations and purposes of space science and application achievement evaluation were analyzed. What's more, the characteristics were summarized, including hierarchical, classified and phased evaluation based on mission, comprehensive evaluation with multiple fields, elements, and indicators based on value, highlighting international cutting-edge comparison and application user evaluation, and combining qualitative and quantitative evaluation and so on. Furthermore, the evaluation classifications and the evaluation thoughts of the entire cycle process were proposed according to the mission hierarchy, the project types and the engineering stages, in addition the main evaluation processes were builded, including building models, formal review, forming expert groups, achievement evaluation, analysis and feedback of evaluation results. The main achievement forms and evaluation elements of four types of achievements were put forward, including payload developments, scientific experiments, scientific researchs (or fundemental research), and application researchs, as well as it was proposed to use statistical survey methods, bibliometric methods, and the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods for achievement evaluation based on peer review. Finally, six suggestions were given to address the four major existing problems in the evaluation of space science and application achievements in China.