中央与地方创新政策对关键战略材料企业实质性创新的非对称影响研究

The Asymmetric Impact of Central and Local Innovation Policies on Substantive Innovation in Critical Strategic Materials Firms

摘要:

中国关键战略材料高端化、国产化迫在眉睫,这很大程度上依赖于关键战略材料企业的实质性创新活动。中国各级政府出台多项创新政策以促进关键战略材料发展,但这些政策能否促进关键战略材料企业的实质性创新并未得到验证。本文以2010-2019年沪深A股关键战略材料企业为研究对象,运用负二项回归方法检验了政府研发补贴对关键战略材料企业实质性创新的影响效应,对比了中央与地方政府研发补贴影响效应的差异。并进一步探索了地方政府研发补贴影响效应的边界条件。研究发现,地方政府研发补贴对关键战略材料企业实质性创新有显著的“先抑后扬”的U型激励效应。调节机制检验发现,区域市场环境与创新环境负向调节地方政府研发补贴的创新激励效应。异质性检验发现,地方政府研发补贴的U型效应仅在国有企业与低发展水平城市企业样本中存在。本文为地方政府利用创新激励政策促进关键战略材料企业实施实质性创新,加快核心技术国产化替代,提供了一定的政策启示。

Abstract:

The imminent high-end and localization of critical strategic materials in China relies heavily on the substantive innovation activities of critical strategic materials enterprises. Government at all levels have introduced several innovation policies to promote the development of critical strategic materials, but whether these policies can promote substantive innovation of critical strategic materials firms has not been verified. This paper examines the effect of government R D subsidies on the substantive innovation of critical strategic materials firms using negative binomial regressions, comparing the differential effect of the impact of central and local government R D subsidies, using SSE and SZSE A-share critical strategic materials firms from 2010 to 2019 as the research Subjects. And further explored the boundary conditions of the impact effect of local government R D subsidies. It is found that local government R D subsidies have a significant "first depressing and then increasing" U-shaped effect on substantive innovation of critical strategic materials enterprises. Tests for moderating effects finds that the regional market environment and innovation environment negatively moderate the relationship between local government R D subsidies and substantive innovation. The heterogeneity test finds that the U-shaped effect exists only in the sample of state-owned enterprises and low-development urban enterprises. This paper provides some policy insights for local governments to use innovation incentive policies to promote critical strategic material enterprises to implement substantive innovation and accelerate the localization of core technology substitution.