广东省重点实验室建设发展现状、问题与对策

Current Status, Problems and Countermeasures of Construction and Development for Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratories

摘要:

为充分发挥广东省重点实验室在破解广东省科技创新原始创新能力不足、关键核心技术“卡脖子”等突出问题中的支撑引领作用，全力支持粤港澳大湾区国际科技创新中心建设，系统梳理广东省重点实验室建设发展成效、剖析存在问题并提出有针对性的对策建议。在对国内外实验室建设特点分析基础上，根据截至2022年3月在建广东省重点实验室清单目录及其2019－2021年度执行报告数据，从区域、领域、人员分布等方面分析广东省重点实验室主要建设状况。结果发现：截至2022年3月，广东省已建设省重点实验室460家，在全省实验室体系中数量规模最大、研究领域覆盖最全，已成为国家和广东省科技创新体系的重要组成部分；21个地级及以上城市均建有省重点实验室，各地市对省重点实验室建设的重视程度明显加强；学科类省重点实验室中的医学领域实验室数量最多，达95家、占31.05%，企业类省重点实验室中的制造领域实验室数量最多，达46家、占29.87%；涌现出一批具有国际影响力的团队，截至2021年年底已集聚各类高端创新人才共计1 525人。广东省重点实验室坚持“四个面向”，进一步提升了广东省的原始创新能力、解决关键科学问题，着力提升自身核心竞争力和推进健康广东建设，但仍存在建设布局不够合理、需求导向不够清晰、分类不够精细、交流合作不够深入、经费投入不足等问题，未能满足高质量发展需求，据此提出进行分类管理、优化布局、建立科学的评估考核体系、加大投入和开放共享交流力度等对策建议。

Abstract:

In order to fully leverage the supporting and leading role of Guangdong provincial key laboratories in solving prominent problems such as insufficient original innovation capacity and key core technology "bottleneck" in Guangdong's scientific and technological innovation, and fully support the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area international center for scientific and technological innovation, the development achievements of Guangdong provincial key laboratory construction are reviewed systematically, existing problems are analyzed, and targeted countermeasures and suggestions are proposed. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of laboratory construction at home and abroad, according to the list of key laboratories under construction in Guangdong as of the end of March 2022 and the 2019-2021 annual implementation report data, the main construction status of the key laboratories are analyzed from the perspectives such as region, field, and personnel distribution. The results show that as of the end of March 2022, Guangdong has established 460 provincial key laboratories, with the largest number and scale in the provincial laboratory system and the most comprehensive coverage of research fields, it has become an important component of the national and Guangdong's scientific and technological innovation system; all 21 cities at or above the prefecture level have established provincial key laboratories, and the importance of provincial key laboratory construction has significantly increased in various cities; the number of medical field laboratories is the highest among disciplinary provincial key laboratories, reaching 95, accounting for 31.05%, while among enterprise provincial key laboratories, the number of manufacturing field laboratories is the highest, reaching 46, accounting for 29.87%; a group of internationally influential teams have emerged, and as of the end of 2021, a total of 1 525 high-end innovative talents have been gathered. Guangdong provincial key laboratories adhere to the "four aspects", further enhance the original innovation ability and solve key scientific problems, focus on improving core competitiveness, and promote the construction of a healthy Guangdong province. However, there are still issues such as unreasonable construction layout, unclear demand orientation, inadequate classification, insufficient in-depth communication and cooperation, and insufficient funding investment, which cannot meet the needs of high-quality development. Accordingly, countermeasures and suggestions are proposed, such as conducting classified management, optimizing the construction layout, establishing a scientific evaluation system, increasing investment and open sharing and communication.