沪澳协同建设世界一流大学面临的挑战与对策

Challenges and Strategies for Shanghai-Macao Collaboration in Building World-class Universities

摘要:

协同建设世界一流大学是沪澳打造人才中心和创新高地的支撑点。鉴于传统经济时代的地理临近性特征有违当今时代发展趋势，而数字经济时代下世界一流大学之间共享方式的改变预示着跨区域大学集群将会是未来发展的趋势，提出沪澳协同建设世界一流大学是必要且可行的。通过研究QS世界大学排名、THE世界大学排名、软科世界大学学术排名（ARWU）和U.S.?News世界大学排名的评价指标体系，总结建立世界一流大学的标准，主要包括高校声誉调查、师资队伍、教育教学、科学研究、国际合作和教师收入；将沪澳5所高校与国外世界一流大学对标比较，发现其存在缺乏国际顶尖研究成果、缺乏国际顶尖人才、国际化程度较低和缺乏中国特色四大问题，由此提出提高沪澳一流大学的科学研究水平、加快培养沪澳高校国际顶尖人才、提高沪澳高校国际化程度、建设具有中国特色的沪澳世界一流大学和促进长三角珠三角一流产业发展等对策建议。

Abstract:

Jointly building world-class universities is the support point for Shanghai and Macao to build a talent center and innovation highland. Given that the geographical proximity of the traditional economic era is contrary to the development trend of the current era, but in the era of digital economy, the change of the sharing mode between world-class universities indicates that the cross-regional university clusters will be the future development trend, so this paper proposes that it is necessary and feasible for Shanghai and Macao to jointly build world-class universities. By studying the evaluation indicators of QS World University Rankings, THE World University Rankings, Academic Ranking of World Universities, and U.S. News World University Rankings, it summarizes the criteria for establishing a world-class university, including reputation surveys, faculty team, education and teaching, scientific research, international cooperation, and teacher income, compares the five universities in Shanghai and Macao against world-class universities abroad, finds that there are four main shortcomings, namely the lack of top-notch international research achievements, shortage of top-notch international talents, low degree of internationalization, and lack of Chinese characteristics. Based on this, it proposes some suggestions such as improving the scientific research level of the first-class universities in Shanghai and Macao, accelerating the training of top international talents in Shanghai and Macao universities, improving the internationalization degree of universities in Shanghai and Macao, building a world-class Shanghai and Macao universities with Chinese characteristics and promoting the development of first-class industries in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta.