基于国家科技计划项目实施视角下 “赛马制”遴选与管理机制研究

Based on the perspective of national science and technology plan project implementation

摘要:

当今世界正处于百年未有之大变局，新一轮科技革命和产业变革正处于实现重大突破的历史关口，为了进一步完善项目团队遴选机制，对于战略意义重大但研发风险高，或时限要求紧迫的重大攻关任务，可面向不同技术路线同时支持多支研发团队平行攻关，提出“赛马争先”的项目遴选机制，以“赛马制”等为代表的新型项目组织模式，正在成为重构新时期科研组织体系的重要组成部分，它们既要符合科研的发展规律，又要体现国家的战略需求。但是，在国家科技计划项目管理实践中，如何理解和把握“赛马制”组织管理模式的特点，如何开展项目部署和实施，真正激发项目承担单位的创新活力，发挥其优势作用，在政策制定和制度落实等方面，仍然需要进一步探索。本文基于国家科技计划项目实施视角下，对“赛马制”的遴选与管理机制展开相应案例研究分析。

Abstract:

In order to further improve the project team selection mechanism, for major research tasks of great strategic importance but high R&D risks or urgent time requirements, multiple R&D teams can be supported in parallel for different technology lines, and a "horse race" project selection mechanism is proposed. The new project organization model represented by the "horse-race system" is becoming an important part of the restructuring of the scientific research organization system in the new era, which should not only conform to the development rules of scientific research but also reflect the strategic needs of the country. However, in the project management practice of national science and technology programs, it is still necessary to further explore how to understand and grasp the characteristics of the "horse-race" organizational management model, how to carry out project deployment and implementation, and how to truly stimulate the innovative vitality of project units and give full play to their advantages in terms of policy formulation and system implementation. This paper presents a case study on the selection and management mechanism of the "horse-race system" based on the perspective of the implementation of national science and technology programs.