江西省县域创新发展水平测度方法及其评价结果的稳定性 ——基于专家赋权与熵值赋权的比较分析

Measure Method for County Innovation and Development Level of Jiangxi Province and Its Stability of Evaluation Results: Comparative Analysis Based on Experts’ Weight and Entropy Weight

摘要:

为贯彻落实江西省人民政府关于加快县域创新驱动发展、推进江西省创新型省份建设的工作部署，为开展县域创新能力和创新发展水平监测评价提供支撑，基于区域创新体系内涵特征，参考国家及有关权威评价机构的评价体系构建江西省县域创新发展水平评价指标体系，分别运用专家赋权和熵值赋权法对评价指标赋权，采用标杆法和功效系数法定量测度与评价江西省100个县（市、区）2019－2021年创新发展水平，对比区域间发展差异，并分析采用不同评价方法得到结果的可比性和可靠性。结果发现：江西省的县域创新发展水平整体呈上升态势，主要得益于创新环境优化升级和创新成效明显增强，而县（市、区）创新发展水平具有明显的区域异质性特征。其中，赣北两极分化明显，省会南昌所辖县域创新实力强劲，赣北九江县域创新实力弱；赣西创新发展水平最高，创新环境、创新投入、创新产出全省最优；赣东赣北创新发展水平与经济发展水平的切合度高，创新驱动经济社会发展成效显著。可见专家赋权下标杆法的评价结果具有更强的稳定性和可比性，能够直观反映江西省县域创新发展实际情况。因此，利用专家赋权和标杆法对江西省县域创新发展水平进行持续测度与评价，对各级政府基层科技决策具有更强的现实意义与导向作用。

Abstract:

In order to implement the work deployment of the People's Government of Jiangxi Province on accelerating county-level innovation driven development and promoting the construction of innovative provinces in Jiangxi Province, and to provide support for monitoring and evaluating county-level innovation capacity and innovation development level, based on the connotation characteristics of the regional innovation system, and referring to the evluation system of national and relevant authoritative evaluation institutions, a county-level innovation development level evaluation index system in Jiangxi is constructed, the experts’ weight and entropy weight method are used to weight the evaluation indicators, and the benchmark method and efficacy coefficient method are used to quantitatively measure and evaluate the innovation development level of 100 counties (cities, districts) in Jiangxi from 2019 to 2021, regional development differences are compared, and the comparability and reliability of the results obtained by using different evaluation methods are analyzed. The results show that the overall level of innovation and development in counties of Jiangxi is on the rise, mainly due to the optimization and upgrading of the innovation environment and the significant enhancement of innovation effectiveness, while the innovation and development level of counties (cities, districts) has obvious regional heterogeneity characteristics. Among them, the polarization of northern Jiangxi is obvious, the innovation strength of counties under the jurisdiction of Nanchang, the provincial capital is strong, while the innovation strength of Jiujiang County is weak; Ganxi has the highest level of innovative development, with the best innovation environment, investment, and output in the province; the level of innovative development in eastern and northern Jiangxi is highly aligned with the level of economic development, and innovation has achieved significant results in driving economic and social development. It can be seen that, the evaluation results of the benchmark method under experts’ weight have stronger stability and comparability, which can intuitively reflect the actual situation of innovation and development in counties in Jiangxi. Therefore, using experts’ weight and benchmarking methods to continuously measure and evaluate the level of innovation and development in counties in Jiangxi has stronger practical significance and guiding role for grassroots science and technology decision-making of governments at all levels.