洞庭湖生态经济区环境治理效率时空分异及其影响因素研究

Spatial and temporal variation and influencing factors of environmental governance efficiency in Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone

摘要:

本文运用非期望产出超效率SBM—Malmquist指数和Tobit模型对2017—2021年洞庭湖生态经济区范围内的岳阳、益阳和常德3市24县（市、区）环境治理效率时空分异特征及影响因素进行实证分析。结果表明：①湖区环境治理综合效率呈现“岳阳市>益阳市>常德市”的空间格局，且县域差异明显；②湖区全要素生产率总体偏低，不同年份间差异较大，且技术效率和技术进步变化交错推动全要素生产率的提升；③人均GDP、规模以上工业资产对环境治理效率正向驱动效果明显，而第二产业占比、人均可支配收入、农业种植结构和有效灌溉面积与之呈负相关关系。根据研究结论，从构建区域协同机制、加大技术创新力度和优化产业结构布局三个方面提出提升湖区环境治理效率的政策建议。

Abstract:

This research paper adopts the SBM-Malmquist index and Tobit model to empirically analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics and driving factors of environmental governance efficiency in 24 counties (cities and districts) of Yueyang, Yiyang and Changde within the scope of Dongting Lake Eco-economic Zone for the time period from 2017 to 2021. The study findings indicate that (1) the comprehensive efficiency of environmental governance in the lake area represents a spatial pattern as follows: “Yueyang City>Yiyang City>Changde City”, and the difference between counties is obvious. (2) The total factor productivity of the lake area is commonly low, but the difference between different years is large. Moreover, the interweaving of changes in technical efficiency and technical progress promotes the improvement of regional total factor productivity. (3) GDP per capita and industrial assets beyond the designated size exert a positive driving effect on environmental governance efficiency, whereas the proportion of the secondary industry, per capita disposable income, agricultural planting structure, and effective irrigation area demonstrate a negative correlation with the environmental governance efficiency. Based on the research findings, policy recommendations are proposed to improve the efficiency of environmental governance in the lake area from three aspects: building a regional collaborative mechanism, increasing technological innovation efforts, and optimizing industrial structure layout.