大数据视角下的技术机会分析研究进展

An Overview of Technology Opportunity Analysis in the Perspective of Big Data

摘要:

[目的/意义]对大数据视角下的技术机会分析近五年的文献进行综述，了解技术机会内涵、应用场景和分析方法的最新研究进展、发展趋势与面临的挑战。[方法/过程]本文基于Web of Science、CNKI中文期刊数据库，利用“技术机会”、“technology opportunity analysis”、“Technology opportunity discovery”、“TOA”、“TOD”进行关键词和被引主题检索，分别获取近五年来相关中英文文献，合并去重后392篇。由两名相关学科背景人员根据文献质量评估标准进行略读、筛选、精读、补充重要文献等步骤，聚焦方法合理、贡献有力的论文115篇，对精选的论文进行内容深度解析，以便梳理研究热点、空白与前沿。[结果/结论]技术机会发现与识别方法正在借助大数据分析形成一套系统、规范化的研究范式：专利技术机会分析内涵、研究内容随现实需求拓展、深化；聚焦在多源异构信息深度融合分析的技术上，充分利用多源信息的多维性和功能的多元化；在综合应用各类方法提高定量分析效度的基础上，结合专家专业知识完善技术机会对象特征、性能指标，从而更深入地揭示技术机会细节，更好地支撑企业、国家的科技战略规划。

Abstract:

[Purpose/significance] This literature review is based on technology opportunity analysis from the perspective of big data in the past five years, so as to understand the latest research progress, development trend and challenges of the connotation, application scenarios and analysis methods of this technology opportunity. [Method/process] This paper is based on Web of Science, CNKI Chinese journal database, by using "technology opportunity", "technology opportunity analysis", "technology opportunity discovery", "technology opportunity analysis", "Technology opportunity discovery", "TOA" and "TOD" to search keywords and cited topics. 392 articles were obtained without duplication in English and Chinese in the past five years. Two experts with relevant disciplinary backgrounds performed the steps of skimming, screening, intensive reading according to paper quality assessment, 115 papers are selected because of reasonable methodology and strong contributions. The selected papers were analyzed in depth in order to sort out the research hotspots, gaps and frontiers.[Result/conclusion] The technology opportunity discovery and identification methods are forming a systematic and standardized research paradigm with the help of big data analysis: the connotation and research content of patent technology opportunity analysis are expanded and deepened with the real demand. Focusing on the technology of deep fusion analysis of multi-source heterogeneous information, we make full use of the multi-dimensionality and functional diversity of multi-source information. Based on the comprehensive application of various methods to improve the validity of quantitative analysis In addition, we can improve the characteristics and performance indexes of technology opportunity by combining expert knowledge, so as to reveal the details of technology opportunities in greater depth and better support the strategic planning of companies and even the country in science and technology.