中国城市创新效率的区域差异及类型研究

Research on Regional Differences and Types of Urban Innovation Efficiency in China

摘要:

基于2018—2020年297个地级以上城市创新数据，运用投入产出比和DEA-Malmquist指数模型，从创新链角度深入分析了中国城市专利创新效率和产业创新效率的区域差异及其类型，以及各类型城市创新效率的产业特性。研究发现：中国城市的专利创新效率呈增长态势，产业创新效率呈负增长态势，且区域差异不断扩大，空间不均衡现象明显。高专利效率高产业效率城市和低专利效率高产业效率城市主要集中在东部和中部地区，其上市高新技术企业主要以战略性新兴产业为主。高专利效率低产业效率城市和低专利效率低产业效率城市主要分布在西部地区，其中绝大多数城市没有上市高新技术企业。针对创新效率不同的城市有必要采取差别化的创新策略，进一步强化创新链和产业链深度融合，在提升各类城市专利创新水平的同时，需更加重视专利成果的转移转化和产业创新效率的提升。

Abstract:

Based on the innovation data of 297 cities from 2018 to 2020, this paper deeply analyzes the regional differences and development types of patent innovation efficiency and industrial innovation efficiency, as well as the industrial characteristics of innovation efficiency in various types of cities, from the perspective of innovation chain by using the input-output ratio and DEA Malmquist index model. The research suggests several results. The patent innovation efficiency of Chinese cities shows an increasing trend, while the industrial innovation efficiency shows a negative growth trend. The regional differences are increasing, and the spatial imbalance is obvious. Cities with high patent efficiency, high output efficiency and low patent efficiency and high industrial efficiency are mainly concentrated in the eastern and central regions, and their listed high-tech enterprises are mainly strategic emerging industry enterprises and transformation and upgrading industry enterprises. Cities with high patent efficiency and low industrial efficiency and low patent efficiency and low industrial efficiency are mainly distributed in the western region, and most of them do not have listed high-tech enterprises. For cities with different innovation efficiency, it is necessary to adopt differentiated innovation strategies, further strengthen the deep integration of innovation chain and industrial chain, and pay more attention to the transfer and transforming of patent achievements and the improvement of industrial innovation efficiency while improving the patent innovation level of various cities.