技术竞争与创新生态系统协同效应研究 ——以北京战略性新兴产业为例

Synergistic Effect of Technology Competition and Innovation Ecosystem in Strategic Emerging Industries

摘要:

战略性新兴产业的发展不仅依赖于技术竞争，更需要产业技术生态系统与创新生态系统之间要素协同发展。从产业技术生态系统视角构建了战略性新兴产业成熟度、智力资源禀赋、产业发展潜力子系统，将科技创新、科技金融、创新扩散子系统纳入创新生态系统，建立两大系统之间的协同发展指标体系。以北京市战略性新兴产业发展为例，测算了产业技术竞争与创新生态系统的耦合协同水平，并对8大战略性新兴产业协同变化时序特征进行分析。研究结果表明：（1）产业发展潜力对产业技术水平影响最大；（2）科技创新是产业发展最核心的因素，占据了创新生态群落的关键生态位；（3）北京战略性新兴产业中，节能环保产业、新一代信息技术产业、生物产业、高端装备制造业、新能源产业、新材料产业、新能源汽车产业等7类在2019年进入磨合阶段，而数字创意产业处于拮抗状态，但是各产业都进入了高度协调的阶段；（4）最后提出了继续发挥政府的引导作用、构建动态竞合政策体系、完善创新生态政策体系的建议。

Abstract:

The development of strategic emerging industries not only depends on technology competition, but also requires the synergistic development between industrial technology ecosystem and innovation ecosystem. The maturity of strategic emerging industries, intellectual resources endowment and industrial development potential are constructed as subsystems from the perspective of industrial technology ecosystem, and the technology innovation, science and technology finance and innovation diffusion are incorporated into the innovation ecosystem to establish the synergistic development index system. Taking strategic emerging industries in Beijing as an example, the coupling and coordinated development between industrial technology competition and innovation ecosystem is measured, and the time-series characteristics of synergistic changes of eight strategic emerging industries are analyzed. The results show that: (1) Industrial development potential has the greatest influence on industrial technology; (2) Scientific and technological innovation is the core factor of industrial development and occupies the key ecological position of the Innovation Eco-Communities; (3) Among the strategic emerging industries in Beijing, seven categories, including energy conservation and environmental protection industry, new generation of information technology industry, biological industry, high-end equipment manufacturing industry, new energy industry, new materials industry and new energy vehicle industry enter the grinding stage, while the digital creative industry is in the antagonistic state, but all industries have entered a highly coordinated stage; (4) Policy recommendations are proposed including the government play the guiding role continuously, build a dynamic competition-cooperation policy system, and improve the innovation ecology policy system.