全球治理视角下碳中和战略的发展历程和主要国家政策体系的对比研究

A comparative study of the development process of carbon neutrality strategy and major national policy systems from the perspective of global governance

摘要:

摘要:基于全球治理视角,采用内容分析法和比较研究法，选取世界主要国家围绕碳中和目标制定的相关政策和战略行动进行分析。研究表明,全球碳中和战略的发展目前经历了“治理起步期—曲折探索期—共同推进期”3 个阶段,世界主要国家聚焦战略方向、目标设定、重点领域、关键技术等进行系统布局。相比之下，我国在双碳立法进程、重点领域中长期战略行动规划、绿色低碳技术应用示范等方面存在不足。为此，我国可从加快碳中和立法进程,构建系统有效的推进机制;提高清洁能源比重，构建清洁高效安全的能源体系；聚焦关键领域,加快产业绿色低碳转型;强化科技支撑,大力开展关键共性技术攻关和应用示范等，积极推进碳中和战略目标。

Abstract:

Abstract: Based on the perspective of global governance, this paper adopts content analysis method and comparative research method to analyze the relevant policies and strategic actions of major countries around the carbon neutrality goal. The research shows that the development of the global carbon neutral strategy has gone through three stages: "governance start-up period, tortuous exploration period and joint promotion period". Major countries in the world have systematically laid out their strategic direction, goal setting, key areas and key technologies. In contrast, there are deficiencies in the process of double carbon legislation, long-term strategic action planning in key areas, and demonstration of green low carbon technology application. Therefore, we can accelerate the process of carbon neutralization legislation and build an effective mechanism for promoting the system. Increase the proportion of clean energy to build a clean, efficient and safe energy system; Focus on key areas to speed up industrial green and low-carbon transformation; Strengthen scientific and technological support, vigorously carry out key generic technology research and application demonstration, and actively promote the strategic goal of carbon neutrality.