我国高校科技成果产业化瓶颈及破解对策： 基于大规模调研数据的探索性实证分析

Bottleneck and Crack Countermeasures of the Industrialization of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Colleges and Universities of China: Exploratory Empirical Analysis Based on Large-scale Survey Data

摘要:

为丰富立足中国本土大规模调研、针对制约高校科技成果转化效率提升瓶颈的计量实证研究，以促进提高我国高校科技成果产业化效率，聚焦新发展格局对我国高校科技成果产业化提出的更深层次需求，在实地调研、专家访谈与文献回顾基础上提炼出科技成果自身局限性、转化风险控制不到位和宏观政策环境待完善等制约高校科技成果产业化的三方面主要瓶颈，基于对国内千所高校的大规模调研数据，运用Ordered Logit模型进行计量分析。结果发现：成果实用创新性不足、立项时市场需求不明晰、资金风险保障机制不健全、技术风险共担机制待优化、知识产权归属落实不到位和成果市场定价机制不完善等是我国高校科技成果产业化面临的突出挑战和问题。据此，提出打造全链条服务支撑体系、进一步细化成果分类评估标准和营造多方统筹联动的“政企学研融”合作机制等破解高校科技成果转化瓶颈的对策建议。

关键词:科技成果转化;科技成果产业化;效率提升瓶颈;Ordered Logit模型;高校

Abstract:

In order to enrich the quantitative empirical research based on large-scale domestic research in China and address the bottleneck in improving the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements transformation in universities, promote the improvement of the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements industrialization in Chinese universities, and focus on the deeper needs of the new development pattern for the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements in Chinese universities, this study investigates three main bottlenecks of industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, including the limitations of scientific and technological achievements, inadequate risk control of transformation and incomplete macro policy environment and incomplete macro policy environment based on field research, expert interviews and literature review. Using Ordered Logit model and large-scale research data from thousands of domestic universities, the findings are as follows: the prominent challenges and problems that industrialization of scientific and technological achievements in Chinese universities face are insufficient practical innovation of achievements, unclear market demand during project approval, incomplete funding risk protection mechanism, optimization of technology risk sharing mechanism, inadequate implementation of intellectual property ownership, and imperfect market pricing mechanism for achievements. Based on the findings, countermeasures and suggestions are proposed to build a full chain service support system, further refine the classification and evaluation standards of technology achievements, and create a multi-party coordinated and coordinated "government-enterprise-academia-research-integration" cooperation mechanism to break through the bottleneck of scientific and technological achievement transformation in universities.

Key words:transformation of scientific and technological achievements; industrialization of scientific and technological achievements; efficiency improvement bottleneck; Ordered Logit model; colleges and universities