专精特新企业科技创新效率评价及主要城市群对比研究

Evaluation of Technological Innovation Efficiency of SRUI SMEs and Comparative Study of Major City Clusters

摘要:

以我国167家专精特新“小巨人”上市企业为研究样本，基于企业创新价值链视角，将科技创新过程划分为技术研发和成果转化过程，采用三阶段 DEA 模型对样本企业2016-2021年科技创新效率进行评价并对我国主要城市群进行对比分析。结果表明：我国专精特新“小巨人”企业科技创新效率整体还不高，技术研发过程的综合效率明显低于成果转化过程；经济发展水平、政府支持力度和企业规模正向影响企业的科技创新效率，股权集中度和技术市场环境则存在负向影响；清除环境因素和随机干扰后，技术研发和成果转化过程的规模效率均有所下降，纯技术效率明显提高，综合效率无大幅变动；我国各城市群专精特新“小巨人”企业科技创新效率水平整体呈现上升趋势，且不同城市群之间存在差距但逐渐缩小。

关键词:专精特新企业;科技创新效率;三阶段DEA模型;城市群

Abstract:

This paper takes 167 listed enterprises of Specialized, Refined, Unique, and Innovative (SRUI) giants small and medium enterprises(SMEs) in China as the research sample. Based on the perspective of the enterprise innovation value chain, it divides the process of technological innovation into the process of technology research and the process of transformation and adopts the three-stage DEA model to evaluate the efficiency of technological innovation of the sample enterprises from 2016 to 2021. The results show that: the overall efficiency of technological innovation of SRUI giants SMEs in China is not high, and the comprehensive efficiency of the technology research process is significantly lower than that of the transformation process; The level of economic development, government support, and enterprise scale positively affect the technological innovation efficiency of enterprises, while the equity concentration and technology market environment have negative effects. After removing the influence of environmental factors and random disturbances, the scale efficiency of technology research and transformation process decreases, the pure technical efficiency increases significantly, and the overall efficiency does not change significantly; The level of technological innovation efficiency of SRUI giants SMEs in each city cluster in China is on the rise, and the gap between different city groups is gradually narrowing.

Key words:Specialized, Refined, Unique and Innovative enterprises; technological innovation efficiency; three-stage DEA model; city clusters