基于主路径分析的科技演化模式研究——以基因工程疫苗领域为例

Analysis of science and technology Evolution Patterns Based on Main Path Analysis: A Case in the Field of Genetically Engineered Vaccines

摘要:

同时分析科学与技术在时间上和内容上的互动关系可以具体揭示二者关联规律，但目前缺乏相关研究，同时难以发现领域内核心主题。鉴于此，提出一种识别科技演化模式的方法，利用搜索路径节点对算法分别对科学文献和专利文献提取全局主路径，通过潜在狄利克雷分配主题模型并结合专家意见进行文本挖掘，提取科学研究与技术研究的重点主题，并基于主路径分析结果分别形成科学文献和专利文献的发展路径时间轴，通过计算主题间余弦相似度来衡量相似主题；此外，对科学文献与专利文献的相似主题基于主题词共现词频进行连接，以桑基图的形式呈现，从主题的角度识别科学与技术的关系，探讨领域内科学与技术之间的互动模式，并在此基础上综合考量科学与技术价值、挖掘核心技术。以基于基因工程疫苗领域的实证结果显示，该领域领域大体上呈现科学研究和技术应用相互促进的模式，基因工程的基础技术发展促使基因工程疫苗可以应用于多种疾病领域，特别是抗感染领域，mRNA疫苗是新的研究热点。

Abstract:

The simultaneous analysis of the temporal and contextual interaction between science and technology can unveil the underlying correlation patterns between the two domains. However, currently there is a dearth of relevant research in this area, making it challenging to identify the fundamental themes within this field. In view of this, a method for identifying the evolutionary patterns of science and technology is proposed. The global main paths of scientific literature and patent literature are extracted respectively by using the search path node pair algorithm. The text mining is carried out by using the Lejeune Dirichlet allocation and combining with expert opinions to extract the key topics of scientific research and technological research. In addition, similar topics in scientific literature and patent literature are connected based on the co-occurrence frequency of topic words, and presented in the form of Sankey diagram. The relationship between science and technology is identified from the perspective of topics, and the interaction mode between science and technology in the field is discussed. On this basis, the value of science and technology is comprehensively considered, and core technologies are excavated.The empirical findings in the field of genetically engineered vaccines demonstrate a symbiotic relationship between scientific research and technical application. The advancement of fundamental genetic engineering technologies facilitates the utilization of genetically engineered vaccines across various disease domains, particularly in the realm of anti-infection. mRNA vaccines have emerged as a novel focal point of investigation