专利合作网络结构特征对企业专利质量的影响——以集成电路产业为例

The Influence of Patent Cooperation Network Structure Characteristics on Patent Quality of Enterprises: A Case Study of Integrated Circuit Industry

摘要:

为细化专利合作网络结构特征对企业专利质量的影响过程，尤其针对当前文献较少关注以知识搜索为中介变量的内在影响机制，以大尺寸硅片等7种集成电路“卡脖子”技术为研究对象，基于知识基础观角度，以度数中心度和结构洞代表合作网络结构特征，采用2012-2019年中国7种集成电路“卡脖子”技术的发明专利合作数据，构建五组4年期的移动时间窗，并结合考虑期刊影响因子构建企业专利质量评价指标体系，运用社会网络分析方法、文献计量法和回归分析法进行实证分析。结果表明：专利合作网络中度数中心度与结构洞这两大结构特征对于企业专利质量存在正向促进作用，知识搜索在其中发挥重要中介作用，知识搜索的深度和宽度增加对于企业专利质量均存在正向促进作用；同时，专利合作网络结构特征对于企业知识搜索同样具有正向影响。因此，中国的集成电路企业要积极与外部组织展开合作，包括组成商业联盟或构建开放式合作研发平台；加强拓宽和加深知识搜索渠道，构建完善知识获取体系，加强知识储备，促进企业专利质量的提升；此外，加大研发投入，扩充研发人员数量、引进高质量研发人才，提升自身的知识吸收、整合和转化的能力。

关键词:企业专利质量;专利合作网络;网络结构特征;知识搜索;集成电路产业

Abstract:

In order to refine the influence process of patent cooperation network structural characteristics on corporate patent quality, especially because the current literature pays less attention to the internal influencing mechanism with knowledge search as the mediating variable, taking seven types of integrated circuit "stuck neck" technologies such as large-size silicon wafers as the research object, based on the knowledge-based perspective, degree centrality and structural holes are used to represent the structural characteristics of cooperation networks, and using the invention patent cooperation data of China's 7 integrated circuit "stuck neck" technologies from 2012 to 2019, five groups of four-year moving time windows were constructed, and the enterprise patent quality evaluation index system is constructed by considering the journal impact factors, and the social network analysis method, bibliometric method and regression analysis method are used for empirical analysis. The results show that: the two structural characteristics of degree centrality and structural holes in the patent cooperation network have a positive effect on the quality of corporate patents, and knowledge search plays an important mediating role in it. The increase in the depth and width of knowledge search has a positive promotion effect on the quality of corporate patents. At the same time, the structural characteristics of patent cooperation network also have a positive impact on corporate knowledge search. Therefore, China's integrated circuit companies must actively cooperate with external organizations, including forming business alliances or building open cooperative R&D platforms; strengthening broadening and deepening knowledge search channels, building and improving knowledge acquisition systems, strengthening knowledge reserves, and promoting the quality of corporate patents; in addition, increase investment in R&D, expand the number of R&D personnel, introduce high-quality R&D talents, and improve its ability to absorb, integrate and transform knowledge.

Key words:enterprise patent quality; patent cooperation network; network structure characteristics; knowledge search; integrated circuit industry