合作网络视角下企业网络位置对创新绩效的影响研究——以医药制造业为例

Study on the Influence of Enterprise Network Location on Innovation Performance from the Perspective of Cooperative Network:Taking the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry as an Example

摘要:

有别于现有相关研究多关注产学研合作网络整体特征及其影响，进一步深入探讨产学研合作中由于主体不同而构成的性质不同的合作网络特征对企业创新绩效的影响，以专利资源丰富且创新合作广泛的医药制造业企业为对象，选择2010－2021年间在我国A股主板上市的医药制造业企业联合专利申请数据为样本，通过社会网络分析法构建“企业-企业”“企业-高校”和“企业-研究院所”专利合作网络，并以负二项回归方式验证各类合作网络中网络结构指标的效力。结果表明：在“企业-企业”与“企业-研究院所”子网络中结构洞对企业创新绩效具有显著促进作用，在“企业-研究院所”子网络中结构洞对企业邻域度数中心度存在促进作用，在“企业-高校”子网络中结构洞与企业创新绩效呈非线性的倒“U”型关系，当企业结构洞的限制度达到0.526时，其对企业创新绩效的促进作用达到最大；在“企业-企业”与“企业-研究院所”子网络中，企业邻域度数中心度对企业创新绩效存在促进作用，并在结构洞对企业创新绩效的影响中存在中介效应。据此，提出医药企业要对自身创新需求及其所处的网络位置和网络性质有清晰认识，以便充分利用不同性质网络的特征更好地开展创新合作、提高创新绩效。

Abstract:

Unlike the existing related research which focuses on the overall characteristics of the industry-university-research cooperation network and its influence, we further explore the influence of the characteristics of the different property of the cooperation network in the industry-university-research cooperation due to the different subjects on the innovation performance of the enterprises, and we select the pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises which are rich in patents and have extensive cooperation in innovation, and select the data of joint patent applications of the pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises listed on the main board of the A-share stock market of China during the period 2010-2021 as the samples. We constructed "enterprise-enterprise", "enterprise-university" and "enterprise-institute" patent cooperation networks by social network analysis, and verified the effectiveness of network structure indexes in each type of cooperation networks by negative binomial regression. The results show that structural holes in the " enterprise-enterprise " and " enterprise-institute " sub-networks have a significant effect on enterprises' innovation performance. In the sub-network of "enterprise-university", structural holes have a non-linear and inverted "U" shape relationship with enterprise innovation performance, and when the constraint of enterprise structural holes reaches 0.526, its promotion effect on enterprise innovation performance reaches the maximum. In the sub-networks of "enterprise-enterprise" and "enterprise-institute", the centrality of the enterprise's neighborhood degree promotes the enterprise's innovation performance and mediates the effect of structural holes on the enterprise's innovation performance. Accordingly, it is proposed that pharmaceutical enterprises should have a clear understanding of their own innovation needs and the location and property of the network in which they are located, so as to make full use of the characteristics of networks of different properties to better carry out innovation cooperation and improve innovation performance.