省部级科研平台资源配置效能影响因素以及科研投入要素的阈值效应 ——以上海市医学领域重点实验室为例

Influencing Factors Resource Allocation Efficiency of Provincial and Ministerial Scientific Research Platforms and the Threshold Effect of Scientific Research Input Elements: Taking Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medicine as an Example

摘要:

进一步探索有利于实现省部级科研平台投入产出效能最优值的科技资源配置方式，以推动科研平台扩大其科技创新贡献。以上海市医学领域22家重点实验室为例，基于其2021年相关数据，在多视角整合框架下，分别利用单因素分析、限制性立方样条函数和广义可加模型等方法梳理实验室的资源配置现状、分析存在问题，并通过分段模型识别出科研要素投入的阈值效应。结果表明，所有科研要素投入与专利产出均不存在线性关系，高级职称人数、40～60岁人数两个变量与发表论文篇数有着显著正向影响。其中，实验室平台面积大小对平台产出无实际影响；总在研经费数和发表论文数量之间存在一种倒“U”型的非线性变化趋势，且存在一个临界值拐点，阈值为10 110万元；平台经费投入增加对发表论文篇数有着显著的正向刺激作用，但当总在研经费数到达阈值后其作用不再明显，斜率趋于平缓，达到饱和效应阶段。由此基于思考如何推动科研平台转型，将其“做宽做长”、做大做强，提升创新效能，提出加快建设大型公共仪器平台、改善平台治理机制、创新青年人才评价机制和推动平台转型等对策建议。

Abstract:

This paper further explores the allocation methods of scientific and technological resources that are conducive to achieving the optimal input-output efficiency of provincial-level scientific research platforms, in order to promote the expansion of scientific and technological innovation contributions of scientific research platforms. Taking 22 key laboratories in the medical field of Shanghai as an example, based on their 2021 relevant data, under the framework of multi perspective integration, single factor analysis, restricted cubic spline function, and generalized additive model are used to sort out the current situation of laboratory resource allocation, it analyzes the existing problems, and identifies the threshold effect of scientific research element investment through segmented models. The results indicate that there is no linear relationship between the input of all scientific research elements and patent output, the variables of the number of senior professional titles and the number of people aged 40～60 have a significant positive impact on the number of published papers, among them, the size of the laboratory platform has no actual impact on the platform output; there is an inverted U-shaped nonlinear trend between the total research funding and the number of published papers, and there is a critical inflection point with a threshold of 101.1 million yuan; the increase in platform funding has a significant positive stimulating effect on the number of published papers, but when the total research funding reaches the threshold, its effect is no longer significant, and the slope tends to flatten, reaching a saturation effect stage. Based on the consideration of how to promote the transformation of scientific research platforms, make them "wider and longer", bigger and stronger, and enhance innovation efficiency, it proposes countermeasures and suggestions to accelerate the construction of large-scale public instrument platforms, improve platform governance mechanisms, innovate young talent evaluation mechanisms, and promote platform transformation.