科技人才集聚对中国经济高质量发展的影响

The Impact of the Agglomeration of Scientific and Technological Talents on

摘要:

随着经济进入高质量发展阶段，科技人才集聚对经济高质量发展的影响机制也会随之相应改变。从创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享5个维度出发，基于2000－2020年中国30个省份的面板数据，构建双固定效应空间杜宾模型考察科技人才集聚对经济高质量发展是否具有非线性影响和空间溢出效应。研究表明：科技人才集聚在初期能够促进经济高质量发展，随着科技人才集聚度的进一步提高，人才拥挤效应增强，科技人才集聚对经济高质量发展的促进作用减弱；科技人才集聚对经济高质量发展存在正向空间溢出效应，且空间溢出效应明显大于本地直接效应；工业化发展和人力资本水平对本地区以及邻近地区的经济高质量发展均具有显著的正向促进作用，而政府干预的直接效应则并未表现出较为显著的关系，但空间溢出效应显著为正。因此，需要加强地区间科技人才跨区域交流和合作，进一步降低地区间科技人才流动壁垒，充分发挥出科技人才集聚对经济高质量发展的促进作用和空间溢出效应。

Abstract:

As the economy enters the stage of high-quality development, the influence mechanism of scientific and technological talents gathering on high-quality economic development will also change accordingly. Starting from the five dimensions of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2020, this paper constructs a double-fixed-effect spatial Dobbin model to investigate whether the concentration of scientific and technological talents has a nonlinear impact and spatial spillover effect on the high-quality economic development. The research shows that the concentration of scientific and technological talents can promote high-quality economic development in the early stage. With the further improvement of the concentration of scientific and technological talents, the talent crowding effect is enhanced, and the promotion of scientific and technological talents to high-quality economic development is weakened. The agglomeration of scientific and technological talents has a positive spatial spillover effect on the high-quality economic development, and the spatial spillover effect is obviously greater than the local direct effect; The development of industrialization and the level of human capital have a significant positive effect on the high-quality economic development of this region and its neighboring regions, while the direct effect of government intervention has not shown a significant relationship, but the spatial spillover effect is significantly positive. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the cross-regional exchanges and cooperation of scientific and technological talents between regions, further reduce the barriers to the flow of scientific and technological talents between regions, and give full play to the promotion and spatial spillover effect of scientific and technological talents gathering on high-quality economic development.